石坎梯田优化设计及施工试验研究

长江流域山区以土石山地为主，山高坡陡，土层薄，石料丰富，基本农田建设以修筑石坎梯田为主。对梯形断面石坎进行稳定分析，认为最大稳定坎高为２６２ｍ。从物理概念入手，建立了以坎高Ｈ为决策变量，以综合费用损失最小为目标的石坎梯田优化设计数学模型。优化设计施工实例表明，优化设计方案与农民常规修筑方法相比，具有田块大、田面平、田坎占地少且稳定、节省修筑投工等优点。

Experimental Study of Optimum Design and Implementation for Rock Ridge Terrace

Basic farmland construction in Yangtze river basin is mainly the type of terrace with rock ridge because there are principally rock mountains in the basin with high mountain, thin soil and lots of rock for construction. Stability analysis of trapezoid section demonstrates that the maximum stable height of ridge is 2.62 meter. Based on physical concept, a mathematical model for optimum design of rock ridge terrace is established by taking the ridge height H as decision making variable and comprehensive cost loss as objective. Practice of the optimum design shows that the design schedule is of larger field plot, flatten field surface, less space occupied by ridge, stable terrace ridge, labor saving in construction, and other advantages comparing to existing normal terrace construction method.