广东大宝山矿区土壤侵蚀强度判别方法研究

大宝山矿区土壤侵蚀主要由露天采矿及排弃的废渣土引起。通过对大宝山矿区范围内40个典型坡面及其中11个特征坡面的调查分析,认为坡长、坡高、侵蚀沟密度可以用来表征矿区不同坡面的土壤侵蚀特性及其差异。采用聚类分析、判别分析方法,构建了矿区土壤侵蚀强度判别模型,模型平均误判概率为0.07,具有较高的可信度。经判别,大宝山矿区现有水土流失面积324.48 hm2,占矿区总面积的48.8%,土壤侵蚀严重,由此引发了一系列环境问题,必须尽快进行整治。由本研究方法得到的侵蚀模数虽只是一个范围值,需要内插后才能得到确定值,但这对于编制水土保持方案、布置水土保持措施来讲,已完全能够满足要求。

Methods of Intensity Discrimination of Soil Erosion of Dabaoshan Mining Area in Guangdong

The soil erosion of Dabaoshan mining area is mainly caused by opencast mining and discarded waste residues.Through the survey and analysis on 40 typical slopes within the mining area and 11 characteristic slopes of which,it considers that the length and height of slope and density of eroded gully can be used to show the characteristics and differences of soil erosion of different slopes in the mining area.It builds a soil erosion intensity discriminant model for the mining area by using the methods of cluster analysis and discriminant analysis.The mean probability of error of the model is 0.07,showing higher credibility.Through discriminating,the existing soil and water loss area of the mining area is 324.48 hm2,making up 48.8% of the total mining area.The serious soil erosion has touched off a series environmental issues and should be managed as soon as possible.Although the erosion modulus,obtained from the study is only a limit value and a determined value can be obtained after interpolation,it can completely meet the requirements from the view point of preparing a soil and water conservation plan and laying out soil and water conservation measures.