试论将“水土保持”改称“水土生态保持”的科学性

我国“水土保持”一词的提出已有60多年的历史,而治理水土流失的历史则可以追溯到西周初期(公元前16~11世纪)。水和土是陆地生态系统重要的生态因子,而以水和土为首要立地条件的生态植被,是陆地生态系统的第一性生产者,也是水土保持生态效益的直接承担者,所以植被的保护和恢复是水土保持不可或缺的重要部分,生态保护和生态与环境的改善愈来愈成为水土保持不可分割的重要内容。从水土保持的历史和当今不断丰富的水土保持实践来看,应将传统的“水土保持”称谓改称“水土生态保持”,这样更符合水土保持学科发展的需要,能够反映当前水土保持实践,有利于提高全社会对水土保持生态建设的认知度,有利于水土保持的行业管理。

On Scientificalness of Changing Wording "Soil and Water Conservation" into"Soil and Water Ecological Conservation"

The word of “soil and water conservation” in China has more than 60-year’s history, while the history of soil and water loss control can be traced back to the early of Western Zhou Dynasty (16~11 Century B.C.). Water and soil are the main ecological factors of land ecosystem, while the ecological vegetation which takes water and soil as the principle site factor is the primary producer of land ecosystem and also the direct undertaker of ecological benefits of soil and water conservation. Therefore, the protection and rehabilitation of vegetation is an important indispensable component of soil and water conservation, ecological protection and ecological and environmental improvement have become more and more important and inseparable part of soil and water conservation. Viewing from the history and nowadays practice of soil and water conservation, it should change the traditional title of “soil and water conservation” into “soil and water ecological conservation”, which is more in keeping with the needs of subject development of soil and water conservation, can reflect the present practice of soil and water conservation, is favorable for increasing the cognitive level on soil and water conservation ecological building of the whole society and beneficial for sector management of soil and water conservation.