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定西黄土丘陵沟壑区不同土地利用类型水土流失研究
引用本文:张金铭,王小平.定西黄土丘陵沟壑区不同土地利用类型水土流失研究[J].中国水土保持,2008(8):31-32.
作者姓名:张金铭  王小平
作者单位:定西市水土保持科学研究所,甘肃,定西,743000
摘    要:以坡耕地作为对照,通过自然降水条件下径流小区连续14年的观测资料,分析了人工乔、灌、草植被和自然草地的水土流失差异,揭示了不同土地利用类型小区的减水减沙效果:不同土地利用类型小区具有不同的产流、产沙量,年产流值具有显著性差异,坡耕地、牧草地和乔木林地间年产流没有显著性差异,自然草地与灌木林地间年产流也没有显著性差异;各类径流小区年产沙量具有显著性差异,牧草地与乔木林地、自然草地与灌木林地间的产沙量无显著性差异,坡耕地、牧草地和乔木林地的产沙量明显大于自然草地和灌木林地;乔木林地比自然草地、灌木林地有更高的土壤侵蚀强度及频率。在定西黄土丘陵沟壑区,控制水土流失的基本措施是保护好现有的自然植被,实行坡耕地退耕还林还草,建设人工植被应实行"灌木为主,草灌优先,草灌乔相结合"。

关 键 词:黄土丘陵沟壑区  土地利用类型  水土流失  定西

Soil and Water Loss in Different Land-Use of Gullied Rolling Loess Area of Dingxi
ZHANG Jin-ming,WANG Xiao-ping.Soil and Water Loss in Different Land-Use of Gullied Rolling Loess Area of Dingxi[J].Soil and Water Conservation In China,2008(8):31-32.
Authors:ZHANG Jin-ming  WANG Xiao-ping
Abstract:It analyzes the difference of soil and water loss of vegetations of man-planted arbor trees,shrubs and grasses and natural grasslands based on 14-year continuous observation data of runoff plots under natural rainfall condition by taking sloped land as a check and reveals the following effect of runoff and sediment reduction of different plot use types.The different plot use types have different runoff yield and sediment yield,great difference of annual runoff value,no obvious difference on annual runoff-producing of sloped land,herbage land and arbor trees land and no obvious difference on annual runoff-producing of natural grasslands and shrubs either;the difference of annual sediment production of each type plot is obvious,no difference for the sediment production between herbage land and arbor trees land and between natural grasslands and shrubs and sediment production of sloped land,herbage land and arbor trees land is remarkably greater than that of natural grasslands and shrubs and;the intensity and frequency of soil erosion of arbor trees land is much greater than that of natural grasslands and shrubs.The basic measure for soil and water loss control in gullied rolling loess area of Dingxi is to protect the existing natural vegetation,return sloped land to trees and grasses and carry out the policy of "giving first place to shrubs,priority to grass and shrubs and combining grass,shrubs and arbor trees" in artificial vegetation building.
Keywords:gullied rolling loess area  type of land-use  soil and water loss  Dingxi
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