江西水土流失对防洪的影响及防治对策

江西省水土流失面积 3 5 2万km2 ,严重破坏了生态环境。水土流失导致河床和水库淤积 ,加剧了洪涝灾害程度。鄱阳湖承担着长江巨大超额洪水的调蓄 ,但湖区面积已由 2 0世纪 5 0年代初期的 5 10 0多km2 萎缩到现在的 3 95 0多km2 ,容积缩小了 72亿m3。本省境内的“五河”流入鄱阳湖内的水量达 14 0 0多亿m3,是该湖容积的 4倍多 ,可见搞好水土保持对长江防洪的重要意义。水土保持措施已在防洪减灾中发挥了重大作用 ,应把水土保持生态环境建设作为长江和本省新世纪水利发展战略的重要内容

Countermeasures on Prevention and Control of Soil and Water Loss and Effects on Flood Control of Jiangxi Province

The soil and water loss area in Jiangxi Province is 35 200 km 2, seriously destroying the ecological environment. The soil and water loss also results in channel and reservoir deposition, aggravating the degree of flooding calamity. The area of the Poyang Lake, which undertakes regulation and storage of the tremendous surplus floodwater of the Changjiang River, has been reduced from 5 100 km 2 in the early of the 1950s to the present 3 590 km 2 . The storage capacity has been reduced by 7.2 billion m 3. The discharge of "five rivers" located in the province flowing into the Poyang Lake is more than 140 billion m 3, which is 4 times more than the lake capacity. It has obviously shown that how important significance of soil and water conservation to the flood control of the Changjiang River. The soil and water conservation measures have played a significant role in flood control and hazards reduction. Thus, we should take the ecological environment construction of soil and water conservation as an important content of water development strategy of the Changjiang River and the province in the new century.