对黄土高原水土流失治理的几点认识

黄土高原早在黄土沉积期间就存在着自然侵蚀现象,以后随着人口增长土壤侵蚀在加剧,流域一年中的径流和泥沙往往由一两次较大暴雨形成。战乱破坏、人为开荒和不合理的经济开发,是导致区域内水土流失加剧的主要人为因素。本区的水土流失应实行坡沟兼治,坚持综合治理,坚持工程、植物、耕作措施相结合,做到措施功能互补。大面积造林种草必须讲求科学,坚持适地适树的原则,林草建设应统一纳入全国生态环境建设规划和黄土高原水土保持总体规划之中。

Cognition on Soiland Water Loss Management ofthe Loess Plateau

The naturalerosion oftheloessplateau had been existed asearly asinthe period ofloesssedimentation .Thesoilerosionis getting worsealong with the increase of population. The runoff and sediment ofthe basin usually can beformed by one ortwo eventsofrainstormsin a year.Chaoscaused by war,wasteland reclamation andirrationaleco nomic development arethe main man madefactorsforspeeding up the soiland waterlossin theloess plateau area.Thesoiland water loss of the area should be managed comprehensively through erosion controlfor both gully andslope and adhering to the combined measures of engineering ,vegetation and farming for complement each otherinfunction .Plantingtreesand grassesin alargearea mustrely onscienceand persisting onthe principle ofrighttreesinright places.Treesand grasses plantationshould be putintoa nationalplan ofecologicaland environmentalconstruc tion and an overall plan ofsoiland water conservation oftheloess plateau.