基于RUSLE模型的土壤侵蚀量估算——以辽宁省阜新市为例

目的]准确掌握辽宁省阜新市的土壤侵蚀状况,为政府制定土地和经济方面的相关政策提供科学依据。方法]基于修正的土壤流失方程(RUSLE),运用RS和GIS等技术和方法,对阜新市的土壤侵蚀状况进行分析和研究。结果]阜新市年均土壤侵蚀量为1.99×107 t,土壤侵蚀模数为19.18t/(hm2·a)。土壤侵蚀强度在中度以下的区域占研究区总面积的77.01%,对研究区土壤侵蚀量的贡献率为12.57%,而中度以上侵蚀区域占研究区总面积的22.99%,对研究区土壤侵蚀量的贡献率高达87.43%。结论]5°~25°为研究区主要侵蚀坡度段,裸土地、湖泊和农村居民点为研究区主要侵蚀地带,应将其列为水土保持重点治理对象。

Estimation of Soil Erosion Amount Based on RUSLE Model-A Case Study in Fuxin City of Liaoning Province

Objective] To understand the situation of soil erosion in Fuxin City of Liaoning Province and provide scientific support for policy making about soil and economic development.Methods] The annual average soil erosion in Fuxin City was calculated with revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) under RS and GIS platforms.Results] The annual average amount of soil erosion in Fuxin City was 1.99×10⁷ t, soil erosion modulus was 19.18 t/(hm²·a), and erosion intensity was on the mild level. The regional soil erosion intensity below moderate level accounted for 77.01% of research area, and contributed 12.57% of the soil erosion in the studied area, while other area above moderate level contributed 87.43%. The spatial heterogeneity of regional soil erosion was high.Conclusion] The slope between 5°~25° was the major erosion section, and bare lands, lakes and rural areas were major erosion areas. These sections and areas should be listed as the key areas of soil and water conservation.