四川省成都市生态环境敏感性评价

目的]为了明辨四川省成都市现状自然环境背景下的潜在生态问题,指导区域生态保护和开发。方法]在GIS空间分析技术的支持下,选择四种省成都市比较突出的土壤侵蚀、生境和酸雨3个生态环境要素建立敏感性评价指标,对成都市生态环境敏感性进行研究。结果](1)成都市土壤侵蚀以轻度敏感为主,西部盆周山区是土壤侵蚀最为敏感的区域;(2)成都市生境敏感性以高度敏感为主,西部和东部生境敏感性较高,极敏感区域分布于西北部茶坪山、邛崃山一带;(3)成都市酸雨以轻度敏感为主,其次是中度敏感区,极敏感区主要分布在该市西部海拔1 650~3 200m的针阔叶混交林及高山原始针叶林地区;(4)成都市生态环境敏感性以不敏感为主,其次为中度敏感区和极敏感区,极敏感区域主要分布于西部盆周山区的北部和南部,分布有龙溪—虹口、白水河等国家级自然保护区。结论]研究区高度敏感区和极敏感区主要分布在西部的盆周山区,是区域生态保护的重点区域。

Evaluation on Eco-environment Sensitivity of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province

Objective] To distinguish potential ecological problems of natural environment in Chengdu City of Sichuan Province, and guide the regional ecological protection and development.Methods] Based on GIS spatial analysis, we established the sensitivity evaluation index of soil erosion, biodiversity and acid rain.Results] (1) Main soil erosion in the study area was light erosion, and extremely high erosion was distributed in the western mountain around the basin. (2) The biodiversity and habitat sensitivity in the study area were generally high, especially in the regions of the western and eastern of Chengdu City. Extremely high sensitive areas were distributed in Chaping and Qionglai Mountain areas of Northwest Chengdu City. (3) The acid rain in the study area was generally low sensitive, followed by the moderate sensitive areas. Extremely high sensitive regions were mainly distributed in the areas that was at an elevation of 1 650~3 200 m in the west of Chengdu City with the coniferous, broadleaf mixed forest and original coniferous forest. (4) The eco-environment sensitivity was mainly non-sensitivity, followed by moderate sensitive areas and extremely high sensitive areas. Extremely high sensitive areas were mainly distributed in the northwest and southwest mountain areas around the basin, including the Longxi, Hongkou, Baishuihe national nature reserve.Conclusion]Highly sensitive and extremely sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the western mountain areas around the basin, these regions are the key areas of regional ecological protection.