利用小麦秸秆制备的保水剂性能研究

目的]以小麦秸秆纤维素接枝丙烯酸制备保水剂,并检测各因素对保水剂吸水性能的影响,探索制备保水剂的最佳反应条件,以期制备出成本低,降解性好,保水性高的新型保水剂。方法]采用水溶液聚合法制备保水剂,并通过单因素试验和正交试验来确定最佳反应条件,对合成产物的吸液倍率、保水性能和表观形态进行测定与表征。结果]温度为70℃,去离子水用量为160ml,2.0%N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)用量为9ml,引发剂(过硫酸钾:硫代硫酸钠=3∶1)与丙烯酸单体比为2.0%,丙烯酸中和度为70%,反应时间为1h,合成的保水剂具有较高的吸水或盐水倍率,1g保水剂吸0.9%NaCl溶液41.2g/g,吸去离子水430.9g/g。红外光谱分析和电镜扫描结果表明,保水剂胶体接枝聚合成功,胶体具有良好的表面形态。结论]制备的保水剂吸液速率快、重复吸水效果较好。保水剂在氯化铁溶液中吸水倍率最高,达到113g/g。复合离子溶液中,在离子浓度为1g/L时吸水倍率最高达57g/g。

Synthesis and Water-holding Performance of Water Retaining Agent Made from Wheat Straw

Objective] In order to create an excellent water-holding material,using wheat straw as raw material,acrylic acid(AA) as graft monomers,the N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker and the potassium peroxydisulfate as free radical evocating agent,the super absorbent polymer was prepared by water solution polymerization.Methods] The optimized reaction conditions were determined based on a single factor and an orthogonal experiment.In addition,the absorbency,retaining capacity and surface morphology of the obtained water retention agent in the experiment were characterized.Results] Optimal reaction conditions were as follows:temperature 70 ℃,deionized water 160 ml,2 ％N,N-methylene double acrylamide solution 9 ml,initiator accounted for acrylic monomer 2％,degree of neutralization of AA was 70％,reaction time was 1 h.Under this experimental conditions,the water retention agent had stronger water absorbency,and the 1 g dry super absorbent polymer can absorb water 41.2 g/g in 0.9％ NaCl solution and 430.9 g/g in distilled water.The colloid graft polymerization of water retention agent was successful,and the surface morphology was good.Conclusion] Super absorbent polymer has faster fluid and good characteristics of water retention and reuse.The product can absorb water 113 g/g in ferric chloride solution of the different ions solution and the maximum water absorption was 57 g/g in compound ion solution.