不同类型水源保护林水资源保护功能的分析和评价

针对北京市密云县密云水库上游清水河流域现有水源保护林类型现状,对油松林、刺槐林、板栗林及混交林4个林分类型的截留降雨、枯枝落叶容纳雨量、林地土壤蓄水、减少地表径流及净化水质能力进行了分析、比较和评价。结果表明,在最小消耗水资源和有利于水资源积累的前提下,水源保护林中的油松水资源消耗较少,混交林次之,刺槐林、板栗林最多。因此建议水源保护林营造应加大耗水能力小和净化水质的树种比例。

Analysis and Evaluation on Function of Different Forest Types on Water Resources Protection

The current water conservation forest in the upper stream area of the Miyun reservoir of Peking City is analyzed. The forest types and present condition are considered. The effects on river flows of Pinus tabulaeformis wood, Robinia pseudoacacia wood, chestnut wood and mixed forest are considered. The effect of deadwood leaves on the absorption of rain, woodland soil water storage capacity and overland flows and the purification of water as it moves are considered. The result reveals that use of water increases according to the order: Pinus tabulaeformis forest < Robinia pseudoacacia forest < chestnut forest. Therefore, it is suggested that the forest with greatest water conservation capacity should be constructed, in line with ability to improve water quality. More research on the latter is required.