黄土台塬区农村生活用能结构的可持续性分析

关注农村生活用能的社会经济与生态成本对实现农村可持续发展具有重要意义。采用问卷调查方式获取黄土台塬区农村生活能源利用相关数据,建立核算模型估算了不同能源消费结构情景下的经济成本、生态成本和废料量。结果显示,现状户均消费2 018.16kg标煤,人均731.41kg标煤,总体用能水平较低;农户能源消费选择的主要依据是能源的现金支出和可获得性,生态成本很少考虑;与现状相比,9种能源结构类型下的经济和生态成本以及废料量差异较大。研究表明,利用沼气和太阳能的社会经济与生态综合成本较低,应是今后农村能源结构转换的发展方向。其中沼气可以成为替代薪柴的最有效资源,是该区农村实现能源利用与生态建设良性循环的主要用能方式。

Socio-economic and Ecological Sustainability in Rural Household Energy Consumption in Loess Tableland Area

Close attention to the socio-economic and ecological cost of the rural energy use is of great significance to the rural sustainable development.With the questionnaire about the rural household energy consumption in the loess tableland area,an accounting model was established to estimate the economic cost,ecological cost and scrap quantity in various energy consumption structure.The result showed that presently the overall energy consumption level was low with average consumption of 2 018.16kg of standard coal equivalent per household and 731.41kg per person;the household energy consumption was mainly depended on the cash and energy availability with little consideration into the ecological cost;compared with the present situation, there are big differences in the economic cost,ecological cost and waste quantity among 9kinds of energy consumption types.It is indicated that the use of biogas and solar power is the direction of rural energy consumption structure adjustment in the future because of its overall low socio-economic and ecological cost. Biogas could be the most effective substitution for firewood and would be the main way of energy consumption for the area to form a virtuous cycle of energy utilization and ecological construction.