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陕西省地形起伏度最佳计算单元研究
引用本文:陈学兄,张小军,常庆瑞.陕西省地形起伏度最佳计算单元研究[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(3):265-270.
作者姓名:陈学兄  张小军  常庆瑞
作者单位:1. 山西农业大学 资源环境学院,山西 太谷,030801;2. 山西农业大学 园艺学院,山西 太谷,030801;3. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院,陕西 杨凌,712100
基金项目:山西农业大学引进人才博士科研启动项目“多尺度DEM提取地形起伏度的对比分析:以山西省为例”(2014YJ02);国家“863”计划项目(2013AA102401-2)
摘    要:目的]确定陕西省地形起伏度最佳计算单元,分析地形起伏度的空间分布规律,为地貌类型划分提供基础数据。方法]以陕西省90 m×90 m的航天飞机雷达地形测绘使命(SRTM)数字高程模型(DEM)数据为基础,首先利用邻域统计分析法〔矩形邻域选取2×2,3×3,4×4,…,35×35共34个不同大小的邻域窗口,圆形邻域窗口选取20个(邻域半径R为2~21)〕对陕西省地形起伏度进行提取,然后统计不同矩形窗口和圆形窗口下的各种地形起伏度类型所占面积比例,接着运用均值变点分析法计算最佳计算单元,最后完成陕西省地形起伏度分级图的绘制,并对地形起伏度特征进行分析。结果]不同地形起伏度类型所占面积比例的变化各有不同。按矩形邻域计算的地形起伏度最佳计算单元为12×12,对应面积为898 704m2,按圆形邻域计算的地形起伏度最佳计算单元为R=8,对应面积为1 254 191.4m2,这说明在使用邻域分析法提取地形起伏度时,采用圆形邻域有别于采用矩形邻域。陕西省地形总体较平缓,主要以小起伏、中起伏为主。结论]简单实用的均值变点分析法,是确定最佳计算单元的一种较为理想的方法。

关 键 词:土壤侵蚀  航天飞机雷达地形测绘使命  数字高程模型  地形起伏度  最佳计算单元  陕西省
收稿时间:2015/10/26 0:00:00
修稿时间:2015/12/1 0:00:00

A Study on Optimal Statistical Unit for Relief Amplitude of Land Surface in Shaanxi Province
CHEN Xuexiong,ZHANG Xiaojun and CHANG Qingrui.A Study on Optimal Statistical Unit for Relief Amplitude of Land Surface in Shaanxi Province[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,36(3):265-270.
Authors:CHEN Xuexiong  ZHANG Xiaojun and CHANG Qingrui
Institution:College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China,College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China and College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
Abstract:Objective] To determine the optimal statistical unit ,analyze the spatial distribution of topographi‐cal relief in Shaanxi Province in order to provide basic data for the classification of geomorphic types . Methods] Based on the 90 m resolution SRTM (shuttle radar topography mission ) ,DEM (digital elevation model data) ,the relief amplitude of Shaanxi Province was extracted with neighborhood statistics analysis . We selected 34 rectangular neighborhood windows (2 × 2 ,3 × 3 ,4 × 4 ,… ,35 × 35) and 20 circular neighbor‐hood windows(the radius ranged from 2 to 21 ) ,and calculated the ratio of relief amplitude at different rec‐tangular windows and circular windows . The optimal calculation unit was calculated by using the mean change‐point analysis method .Classification map of relief amplitude in Shaanxi Province was obtained ,and the features of relief amplitude were analyzed .Results] The ratios of different topographic relief types var‐ied greatly .The optimal statistical unit at rectangular neighborhood was 12 × 12 ,with an area of 898 704 m 2 , while the optimal statistical unit at circular neighborhood was R = 8 ,with an area of 1 254 191 .4 m 2 ,indica‐ting that the circular neighborhood was different from the rectangular neighborhood .Generally ,the terrain in Shaanxi Province was relatively flat ,and the relief amplitude was mainly at small and medium level . Conclusion] The mean change‐point analysis is an ideal method to determine the optimal statistical unit .
Keywords:soil erosion  shuttle radar topography mission  digital elevation model  relief amplitude  best calculation unit  Shaanxi Province
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