岩石边坡植被重建系统中微量元素径流损失模型研究

以岩石边坡植被重建系统为研究对象,开展人工模拟降雨试验与野外验证试验,应用幂函数模型拟合岩石边坡植被重建系统中4种微量元素铁、锰、铜和锌的径流损失与降雨量间的关系.人工模拟降雨试验中,铁、锰、铜3种元素产流初始阶段径流损失量较大,但随着降雨时间的延长,其损失量逐渐减小,最后均趋于稳定,而锌元素径流损失量较稳定；幂函数模型相关指数均达0.90以上,能较好地拟合产流时刻以后的微量元素损失量随降雨量的变化过程.试验表明,幂函数模型的模拟结果与实测结果拟合度较好,其相对误差小于15％,确定性系数达到0.85以上.因此,利用该模型可初步描述微量元素径流损失与降雨量间耦合关系,为岩石边坡植被重建与恢复工程养分设计提供理论基础.

Model of Trace Element Loss in Runoff for Rocky Slope Revegetation System

Simulated artificial rainfall experiment and field verification experiment were carried out and power functionmodel was used to study the relationship between trace element loss and rainfall in rocky slope revegetation system.Results from simulated artificial rainfall experiment indicated that the growing rates of Fe,Mn and Cu losses in runoffwere high at the very beginning and however,they tended to decrease and be stable with artificial rainfall continuing.The growing rate of Zn loss in runoff was stable throughout the experiment.Power function model could be used tofit the changing process of trace element loss in runoff and the correlation coefficients were more than 0.90.Resultsfrom field verification experiment indicated that the results of the model fitting agreed well with the experimentalresults,the relative errors were less than 15%,and the deterministic coefficients were more than 0.85.Therefore,these models could predict the relationship between the trace element loss in runoff and rainfall,providing a theoretical basis of nutrients design for the rocky slope revegetation and restoration project.