基于PSR模型的张家口地区生态安全综合评价

人口快速增长,城镇化速度加快以及人类对自然环境不合理开发利用所引发的资源浪费、土壤退化和环境污染等问题,给生态安全状况带来了重大挑战.以河北省张家口地区为例进行了生态安全综合评价研究.根据该地的社会、经济和环境特点,运用压力—状态—响应(PSR)模型,提出以社会经济资源作为模型组成部分的区域生态安全综合评价模型及指标体系.共确定了29项评价指标,经过建立样本矩阵对指标进行无量纲化处理,运用AHP法确定指标权重,将得到的各指标值采用综合指数法进行运算,从而得到各指标的综合生态安全指数值.1987-2009年各县(区)的生态安全指数总体呈增长趋势,涨幅为0.035 6；坝上高原区的平均综合生态安全指数总体要高于冀西北间山盆地区,平均高0.006 0.评价结果与实际拟合度较高,能够反映区域生态问题和区域生态安全状况.

Integrated Assessment of Ecological Security in Zhangjiakou Rigion of Hebei Province Based on PSR Mode

A series of issues such as resources exhaustion,soil degradation and environmental pollution caused by rapid population growth,accelerated urbanization and unreasonable development and utilization to natural environment have brought great challenges to the eco-security situation.In consideration of the social,economic and environmental characteristics,we attempted an integrated assessment of the ecological security in Zhangjiakou Rigion of Hebei Province by employing the pressure-status-response model(PSR).An integrated assessment model of regional eco-security and corresponding indicator system were given according to the levels of socio-economy and environment of the study region.Through determining 29indexes,building sample matrix,using dimensionless processing and determining the index weights with AHP method,each index value was computed by comprehensive index method and then the integrated eco-security index for each index was obtained.Results suggested that overall the eco-security index for every county increased by 0.035 6between 1987and 2009.The average eco-security index for Bashang Plateau region was 0.006 0higher than that of NW Hebei depressed basins.The evaluation result fits well the actual situation and can reflect the regional ecological problems and eco-security status.