石头口门水库饮用水水源地生态风险评价

生态护坡是目前国内高速公路边坡防护常用的方法之一。但是,目前对坡面植被恢复效果的评价却没有统一公认的标准。结合国内外已有研究成果,通过调查研究,建立了边坡生态护坡工程效果评价指标体系;该指标体系以土壤—植被系统质量和景观质量为构建主体,并在大类指标内又划分出各自的具有可操作性的亚类指标。评价标准将工程效果分为优、良、中、差4个等级,这些指标较为合理地反映了系统结构与功能的特征与本质。最后结合层次分析法与模糊综合评判方法,将该指标体系用于赤峰—通辽高速公路岩石边坡生态护坡工程不同标段的1个工程边坡效果的应用评价中,评价结果与实际观察情况相吻合,说明该指标体系能比较客观地反映工程效果状况及系统功能的持续能力,具有较强的适用性和可操作性。

Ecological Risk Assessment for Drinking Water Source Land of Shitoukoumen Reservoir

By developing an evaluation index system and applying of analytic hierarchy process(AHP)comprehensive evaluation,an ecological risk assess-ment of the ecosystems in the Shitoukoumen Reservoir basin was carried out with considerations of natural conditions and human disturbance of the study area.Based on historical documents and field survey,three factors including point source pollution,non-point source pollution and drought were selected as risk sources.The results show that ecological risks of the basin displayed substantial spatial variability.The key ecological risk sources were total nitrogen and phosphorus in the water,with weight coefficients of 0.2247and0.1945,respectively.The results of this study provided quantitatively a theoretic basis and data support for the environmental management and ecological risk decisionmaking.