1961-2013年新疆博斯腾湖流域风速和日照时数变化特征

目的]研究新疆博斯腾湖流域风速和日照时数的变化,为该流域工农业生产、生态环境建设等提供科学的气候变化背景.方法]采用常规统计方法、M-K突变检验以及小波分析等方法,对1961 2013年新疆博斯腾湖流域4个气象站逐日平均风速和日照时数资料进行分析.结果]近53 a来博斯腾湖流域平均风速呈明显的减小趋势,平均每10 a减小0.092m/s;空间分布上除冬季外,均表现为湖周边平原、盆地地区变化幅度大,北部、西北部山区变化幅度小,冬季恰好相反.该区年均日照时数也呈明显的减少趋势,平均每10 a减少59.11 h,1985/1986年发生突变;流域北部地区变化幅度较大,南部地区变化幅度较小.结论]该区域风速和日照时数之间相关性较好.

Change Characteristics of Wind Speed and Sunshine Duration in Bosten Lake Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region During 1961-2013

Objective] The change characteristics of wind speed and sunshine duration in Bosten Lake Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were illustrated to provide scientific evidences for the industrial and agricultural production, ecological environment construction of this river basin.Methods] Using conventional statistics, Mann-Kendall mutation analysis and wavelet analysis methods, we analyzed the average diurnal variations of wind speed and sunshine duration of the Bosten Lake Basin, based on 4 weather stations data recorded from 1961 to 2013.Results] In the past 53 years, the average wind speed obviously decreased in Bosten Lake Basin, with an average decrease rate approximately 0.092(m·s)/10 a]. In spring, summer and autumn, the variation amplitudes of the plain surrounding the lake and the basin area were greater than that of the north part and the northwest mountain area. However, in winter, the spatial variation was opposite. The average diurnal variation of sunshine duration also showed distinct decrease, with a rate of approximate 59.11 h/10 a. The decrease trend got the peak in the years of 1985 to 1986. The spatial change in the north subarea was big, and small in the south part.Conclusion] Wind speed and sunshine duration correlated in the study area well.