河南省县域耕地面积的时空演变

采用地理集中指数、不平衡指数等统计指标,在软件ArcGIS 9.0的帮助下,探索了河南省县域耕地面积和人均耕地面积在1994,1999和2004年的空间格局,不同时期两者变化的数量和速度及其空间分异特征等。研究结果表明:(1)河南省县域耕地面积分布呈现出东南部相对较多,西北部相对较少的空间格局。(2)在研究前期(1994—1999年),耕地面积增加的县级行政区划在空间和数量上均比较集中,耕地减少的县级行政区划在空间和数量上均比较分散。而在研究后期(1999—2004年)则出现了相反的发展态势。(3)县域耕地面积变化率与地形地貌等因素有关。(4)人均耕地面积相对较多的地区主要集中在京广铁路沿线、南阳市和三门峡市两地区的部分县级区划单位单位。(5)河南省县域人均耕地面积变化量总体上呈现出"南多北少"的空间格局。(6)河南省县域人均耕地变化率较高的地区主要分布在豫西南地区,三门峡市和豫北地区的部分县级区划单位人均耕地面积变化率则相对较低。

Spatial-temporal Changes of Cultivated Land Area by County Scale in Hernan Province

With the use of geographic concentration index,imbalance index and other statistical index,and the help of software ArcGIS 9.0,this paper explored spatial distributions of county territory cultivated land scale and cultivated land per capita of He′nan province in 1994,1999and 2004.The paper also explored the change quantity and change speed and spatial variation characteristics of county territory cultivated land scale and cultivated land scale per capita.The main conclusions are as follows.Firstly,the spatial distributions are that the cultivated land scale of southeast part is bigger than that of northwest part in He′nan Province.Secondly,in the former research period(from 1994to 1999),the county-level regions where the cultivated land scales were increased are centralized in the space and quantity;those where the cultivated land scales were reduced are scattered in the space and quantity.But in the latter research period(from 1999to 2004),He′nan Province had the opposite development momentum.Thirdly,the cultivated land scale changes by county territory are related to those of the terrain and landform.Fourthly,the regions where cultivated land scale per capita is relatively more mainly concentrated in regions along the Beijing—Guangzhou railway,the part regions of Sanmenxia City and Nanyang City.Fifthly,change quantities of cultivated land scale show the spatial distribution of"more in the south,fewer in the north"in He′nan Province.Finally,higher change rate of cultivated land scale per capita mainly distributed in the southwest He′nan Province,and those of the part regions of Sanmenxia City and North He′nan Province are relatively low.