三峡库区土壤侵蚀经济损失估算

运用环境经济学的理论与方法,计算了三峡库区不同时空,不同土地利用结构下的土壤侵蚀经济损失,并分析了土壤侵蚀经济损失的动态变化规律及其与土地利用结构之间的关系。结果表明:1988,2000和2007年三峡库区土壤侵蚀经济损失总量分别为98.21,99.37和87.99亿元。其中养分经济损失最大,分别占当年库区土壤侵蚀总经济损失的87.44%,88.29%,88.02%。在不同土地利用方式中,耕地经济损失最大;单位面积经济损失以灌草地最大,林地最小。土壤侵蚀经济损失存在空间差异性,云阳县和开县的土壤侵蚀经济损失最大,长寿县最小;单位面积的经济损失以云阳县、武隆县和开县最大,这些区域也是今后土壤侵蚀的重点治理的区域,而夷陵区的单位面积经济损失最小。

Estimation on Erosion-induced Economic Loss in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Based on environmental economic theories and methods,we calculated the erosion-induced economic loss with different land-use structures in our study area over time and space.We also analyzed the dynamics of erosion-induced economic loss and the relationship between erosion-induced economics loss and land-use structure.The results show that the total economic loss resulted from soil erosion reached 9.82×109,9.94 ×109 and 8.80×109 Yuan in 1988,2000and 2007,respectively.The loss of nutrient contributed most to the total economic loss from soil erosion,accounting for 87.44%,88.29% and 88.02% in the three years,respectively.Among the different land-use types,the highest total economic loss by erosion was found in arable land.Grass land had higher economic loss per unit area than the other land use types.Meanwhile forest land was the lowest in terms of total loss and loss per unit area.The economic loss by soil erosion demonstrated spatial heterogeneity;Yunyang and Kaixian County had the highest total loss,and Changshou County had the lowest.Yunyang,Wulong and Kaixian County had the highest loss per unit area,where measures should be taken in the future to prevent soil erosion.Yiling district had the lowest loss per unit area.