不同土壤含水量下3种盆栽灌木耗水特性研究

采用盆栽称重法分别对3种城市常见绿化灌木单株的耗水规律进行了研究,并对其在4种不同土壤含水量条件下的耗水特性及与环境因子的关系进行了分析。研究结果表明,4种不同土壤含水量条件下,3种灌木的耗水量日动态呈单峰型变化。在相同环境条件下,各灌木的单株耗水量大小为:金叶女贞>冬青>紫叶小檗。随着土壤含水量的降低,3种灌木的耗水量依次减少,35%～15%田间持水量的土壤含水量对3种灌木耗水量具有显著的影响(p<0.01),这说明了该土壤含水量对3种灌木的水分消耗产生了胁迫。通过相关分析,认为影响3种灌木耗水量的主导环境因子是大气温度和光照强度。以环境因子作自变量,以灌木耗水量为因变量,经过逐步回归,建立了多元线性模型。所选回归方程拟合效果良好。利用逐步回归分析建立的优化模型可利用气象参数预测植物的耗水量。

Characteristics of Water Consumption Quantities for Three Potted Shrubs Under Different Soil Moisture Contents

Characteristics of water consumption quantities for three nomal shrubs for urban landscaping,namely Ligustrum vicaryi,Berberis thunbergii and Euonymus japonicus Thunb,were studied by means of pot weighing method.Meanwhile,the relationships between water consumption characteristics and environmental factors were analyzed under the conditions of four different soil moisture contents.Results indicated that the diurnal variation of water consumption of the three landscape shrubs presented a single peak feature.Under the same weather conditions,the three shrubs were in the order of Ligustrum vicaryi > Euonymus japonicus Thunb> Berberis thunbergii,in terms of the single plant water consumption quantity.The water consumption quantities of the three shrubs showed an ordinal decrease with decreased soil moisture content.The soil moisture content of 35%~15% field capacity significantly influenced the water consumption quantities of the three shrubs(P<0.01),which suggested that the soil moisture content resulted in a stress on the water consumption quantities of the three shrubs.By correlation analysis,the main environmental factors for the three shrubs were found to be air temperature and solar intensity.A multiple linear equation was established by stepwise regression,taking environmental factors as independent variables and water consumption quantities as dependent variable,and the regression equation was fitted well.The regression equation can be applied to forecast the water consumption quantities of shrubs by using meteorological parameters.