4种地被竹枯落物的水文特征及其截持降雨过程研究

运用浸水法和人工模拟降雨法,分析了4种地被竹(铺地竹、菲白竹、鹅毛竹、黄条金刚竹)枯落物的持水能力与截持降雨过程。结果表明,铺地竹、菲白竹、鹅毛竹、黄条金刚竹现存蓄积量分别为4.51,4.33,6.32和6.67 t/hm2,枯落物的持水量介于12.77～16.66 t/hm2之间。4种地被竹枯落物的截留量与枯落物厚度、含水量密切相关,4种地被竹枯落物厚度分别为1和3 cm厚度时截留量差异均达到显著水平,在枯落物含水量达到饱和(50.81%～66.27%)的情况下,随着厚度的增加枯落物的截流量增大,铺地竹枯落物厚度3 cm比1 cm截流量提高了126%,鹅毛竹、菲白竹、黄条金刚竹截流量依次提高了51.4%,114.3%和56%。

Hydrological Characteristics of Litters of Four Dwarf Bamboos and Their Rainfall Interception Rates

In order to evaluate the hydrological functions of dwarf bamboos,the water holding capacity and the rainfall interception rates of four dwarf bamboos,such as Arundinaria argenteostriata,Arundinaria fortunei,Shibataea chinensis and Sasaella masamuneana were investigated.The results show that the litter volumes of Arundinaria argenteostriata,Arundinaria fortunei,Shibataea chinensis and Sasaella masamuneana were 4.51,4.33,6.32,and 6.67 t/hm2,respectively.The maximum water-holding volumes of these four dwarf bamboo litters ranged from 12.77 to 16.66 t/hm2.The rainfall interception rates of the litters were closely related to the thickness and their water contents,and the interception rate of the litter with 1 cm thickness was significantly different from that of the litter with 3 cm thickness.With the increment of litter thickness,the interception rates increased when the litter water contents were 50.81%～66.27%.The 3 cm litter intercepted more rainfall than the 1 cm litter,by 126%,51.4%,114.3%,and 56% more for Arundinaria argenteostriata,Shibataea chinensis,Arundinaria fortunei and Sasaella masamuneana,respectively.