太行山区不同人工林林冠截留降水的比较研究

林冠截留降水是林地水分循环中重要的水文过程。通过穿透降雨和树干径流自动采集系统对太行山区油松和侧柏两种典型人工林在天然降雨条件下林冠截留降水的生态水文过程进行了分析。结果表明,两种林分林冠截留和树干径流的过程都与林外降雨呈正相关关系。油松林冠截留降水的能力明显强于侧柏,而截留降水转化为树干径流流量则小于侧柏。油松林冠次降雨截留降水率约为18.9%,其中大约3.5%的截留降水转化为树干径流,大约81.7%的降水到达地面;侧柏林冠次降雨截留降水率约为13.3%,其中大约8.9%的截留降水转化为树干径流,大约88.9%的降水达地面。从林冠截留功能的角度分析,在太行山区进行人工造林时,坡度较缓山丘地区适宜种植侧柏,坡度较陡的山岭地区适宜种植油松。

Canopy Rainfall Interception of Different Planted Forests in Taihang Mountainous Region

Canopy rainfall interception is an important hydrological water cycle process in the forest.Canopy interception of planted pine and oriental arborvitae forests was studied in Taihang Mountain region under natural rainfall conditions using a rainfall and stem flow automated acquisition system.The results show that the canopy interception and stem flow of the two forests were positively correlated with total rainfall.Canopy rainfall intercepting capacity of pine was substantially greater than that of oriental arborvitae,but the volume of flowing into the trunk from the interception precipitation is smaller than oriental arborvitae.Specifically,the canopy of pine intercepted 18.9%of the rainfall by average,of which about 3.5%turned into stem flow,and approximately 81.7%of the precipitation reached the ground.The canopy of oriental arborvitae intercepted about 13.3%of the rainfall,of which 8.9%conversed into stem flow,and about 88.9%of the precipitation fell onto the ground.With consideration of canopy interception features,oriental arborvitae is suitable for planting on gentle slopes,while pine is suitable for planting on steep slopes.