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1944-2004年黑河出山径流变化及其对区域水资源安全的可能影响
引用本文:杨明金,张勃,张华,迟令峰.1944-2004年黑河出山径流变化及其对区域水资源安全的可能影响[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(6):24-28.
作者姓名:杨明金  张勃  张华  迟令峰
作者单位:杨明金,张勃,张华,YANG Ming-jin,ZHANG Bo,ZHANG Hua(西北师范大学,地理与环境科学学院,甘肃,兰州,730070);迟令峰,CHI Ling-feng(山东师范大学,人口·资源与环境学院,山东,济南,250014) 
基金项目:2008年度公益性行业(气象)科研专项基金(GYHY200806021207);甘肃省生态经济学省级重点学科基金(50012021);西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院学生学术科研基金(2009DLXSKY201203)
摘    要:以黑河出山径流控制站莺落峡水文站1944-2004年径流序列为基础数据,分析出山径流的年际变化、年内分配特征和稳定性特征,进而分析了径流多年变化对区域水资源安全产生的可能影响.结果表明:(1)莺落峡站多年径流量呈增加的趋势,但是趋势不显著;人类活动对莺落峡站径流量变化影响较小,丰枯转化较为平衡;(2)莺落峡站径流量年内分配极为不均,主要集中在汛期,即5-10月份;(3)莺落峡站各月径流量变差系数都较小,其中1月、3月和12月的变差系数均小于全年的变差系数,径流量稳定性较好,其它各月的变差系数均大于全年的变差系数,径流量稳定性稍差;莺落峡站秋、冬季径流量持续性较好;(4)莺落峡站多年径流量的增加,尤其是5-6月份径流量的增加,既增加了区域可用水量,也缓解了春末夏初的"卡脖子"旱;(5)莺落峡站径流量年际变化的丰枯波幅不大,年际水量变化相对比较稳定,多年径流年内分配愈加均匀,径流年丰枯率越来越小,有利于黑河水资源的开发利用;(6)莺落峡站多年径流量的增加,尤其是8-10月份径流量的增加,有利于黑河中游地区全年调水计划的实施.

关 键 词:黑河  出山径流  水资源安全  水资源开发利用
收稿时间:2009/4/28 0:00:00
修稿时间:6/9/2009 12:00:00 AM

The Change of Mountainous Runoff in Heihe River from 1944 to 2004 and Its Impacts on Regional Water Resource Security
YANG Ming-jin,ZHANG Bo,ZHANG Hua and CHI Ling-feng.The Change of Mountainous Runoff in Heihe River from 1944 to 2004 and Its Impacts on Regional Water Resource Security[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,29(6):24-28.
Authors:YANG Ming-jin  ZHANG Bo  ZHANG Hua and CHI Ling-feng
Institution:College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;College of Population Resources and Environment,Shandong Normal University,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China
Abstract:Based on the runoff data at Yingluoxia Stationin Heihe River from 1944 to 2004, the inter-annualchange, intra-annual distribution characteristic, and stability characteristic of mountainous runoff at the station, as well as the impacts of runoff change on regional water resource security, were analyzed.Results showed that (1) runoff took on an increasing trend in the past years,but the trend was not evident. Runoff change was not influenced by human activities sig nificantly and high and low water changes were equivalent.(2) Runoff in flood season (from May to October) was over 80%,so the percentage of run off in other months was small.(3)The runoff variation coefficients of each month in a year were small. The run off var-iation coefficients for January, March, and December were less than that for the whole year,so the stability characteristics w ere good,while those for other months were greater than the whole year.(4)The increase of annual runoff, especially the increase of run off in May and June,added regional water available and relieved Critical Drought.(5) The change of annual runoff was small. The intra-annual distribution characteristic became more and more homogeneous and the rate of high and low water became more and more low.These changes were helpful to develop and utilize water resources of Heihe River.(6)The increase of annual run off, especially the increase of runoff from August to October, w as helpful to enforce the plan of w ater reallocation in the middle reaches.
Keywords:Heihe River  mountainous runoff  water resource security  water resource utilization
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