黑河流域中游典型退化湿地生态恢复技术研究

黑河是我国西北地区第二大内陆河流,其湿地环境对于河西走廊的自然生态环境和社会经济发展具有十分重要的作用。为了加快黑河流域中游典型退化湿地的恢复进程,在黑河流域典型湿地退化区,开展了人工栽植芦苇、柽柳和封育生态恢复技术试验研究。结果表明,栽植芦苇后第1年和第2年的盖度分别较栽植前平均提高了36.8%和49.6%;柽柳采用截顶(地上部分保留10～12cm)造林方式恢复湿地,截顶苗年平均高和地茎生长量较未截顶苗分别提高了67.8%和30.8%,柽柳采用平茬促萌技术可提高覆盖率16%～22%;围栏封育恢复湿地区较未封育区植被总盖度由45.7%提高到77.2%,平均高度提高了40.9%,地上总生物量平均增加了73.1%。

Ecological Restoration of Typical Degraded Wetland in Middle Reach of Heihe River Basin

Heihe River is the second largest inland river in the northwest of China.Its wetland has played a significant role in the natural ecological environment and social economy of the Hexi corridor.In order to expedite the recovery process of the degraded wetland,ecological restoration practices including planting Phragmites australis and Tamarix chinensis along with enclosure was experimentally tested.The results showed that by the coverage 1 and 2 year after Phragmites australis planting increased 36.8% and 49.6% respectively.With top-pruning(10-12 cm aboveground parts retained),the average growth(in height) and new stem numbers of Tamarix chinensis increased 67.8% and 30.8% more than the control without top-pruning,respectively.In addition,top-pruning of Tamarix chinensis led to 16%-22% more increases of vegetation coverage.The vegetation coverage increased from 45.7% to 77.2% for the enclosure treatments,with 40.9% increase in height and 73.1% increase in average total aboveground biomass.