基于公平视角的耕地生态补偿标准量化研究

目的]基于公平视角量化2011-2018年东北地区的耕地生态补偿标准和优先级,为东北地区耕地生态保护提供理论指引。方法]从生态系统服务价值出发,在对耕地生态补偿行为和标准进行理论分析的基础上,构建当量因子和水足迹模型。结果]①东北地区耕地生态系统服务价值呈现东高西低的特点,在2011-2018年,各省份均出现先上升后下降再上升的趋势。②在剔除耕地经营者自身消费的生态系统服务价值并结合不同地区支付能力后,黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省的耕地生态补偿标准近几年较之前偏低,2018年的额度分别应为5.73×10¹⁰,3.13×10¹⁰,1.33×10¹⁰元。③考虑各省份的经济发展水平,生态补偿优先级由高到低分别为黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省,应当率先向黑龙江省支付耕地生态补偿。结论]在今后进行耕地生态补偿时,要科学合理地测度补偿标准并健全跨区域补偿机制。

Quantitative Research on Cultivated Land Ecological Compensation Standard Based on Equity

Objective]Based on the perspective of equity,the standards and priorities of cultivated land ecological compensation in Northeast China from 2011 to 2018 were quantified to provide theoretical guidance for the ecological protection of cultivated land in the region.Methods]Based on the ecosystem service value,the equivalent factor and water footprint model were constructed based on a theoretical analysis of farmland ecological compensation behavior and standards.Results]①The service value of cultivated land ecosystems in Northeast China was high in the east and low in the west.From 2011 to 2018,all three provinces showed the trend of rising first,then decreasing,and rising again.②After excluding the ecosystem service value consumed by cultivated land managers and combining the payment capacities of different regions,the cultivated land eco-compensation standards in Heilongjiang,Jilin,and Liaoning Province were lower than those in previous years,and the quota for 2018 should be 5.73×10¹⁰,3.13×10¹⁰,and 1.33×10¹⁰yuan,respectively.③Considering the economic development level of each province in Northeast China,the priority ranking of eco-compensation was Heilongjiang Province,Jilin Province,and Liaoning Province,from high to low,thereby implying that the cultivated land eco-compensation should be paid first to Heilongjiang Province.Conclusion]When conducting cultivated land eco-compensation in the future,it is necessary to measure the compensation standard of cultivated land in a scientific and reasonable way and to perfect the compensation mechanism across regions.