秦岭北麓城市新兴开发区生态系统服务价值变化

目的]选取秦岭北麓典型城市区域陕西省西安市浐灞生态区为研究对象,从景观格局变化、生态服务价值两方面分析城市新区建设及可持续性,以期为城市生态建设提供决策参考。方法]以遥感数据为基础,对研究区土地利用类型和景观格局进行定量分析,研究城市新区尺度下的景观生态系统和生态服务价值变化特征。结果](1)2004—2014年,浐灞生态区城乡转换特征明显,农业景观比重显著降低,建设用地景观增幅达88.2%,生态景观增幅高达201.5%以上,区域"生态含量"明显提高。(2)生态服务价值以农田、绿地和水体景观变化较为明显,其中农田生态服务价值损失近65%,到2014年全区85%以上的生态服务价值来自于绿地和水体景观。结论]浐灞生态区10a间生态用地动态变化强烈且持续,城市生态服务价值增加明显,反映该区在保障城市化建设的同时,有效且显著提高了环境质量,其生态建设政策有利于区域生态系统的建设和发展。

Change of Ecosystem Service Value in New Development Area of North Qinling Mountains

Objective] Selecting Chan-Ba ecological district(CBE) of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province as a typical urban area in the north of Qinling Mountains, the study aims to provide support for the regional urban development and ecological construction based on the analysis of the sustainability of new area development from two aspects, i.e. landscape pattern and the value of ecosystem services.Methods] Using on the remote sensing data, the study quantitatively analyzed land use and landscape change, and detected changes in landscape-scale ecosystem and in values of ecosystem services in newly developing urban areas.Results] (1) In period from 2004 to 2014, the conversion of rural area to urban area is obvious, the proportion of agricultural land reduced significantly while construction land increased by 88.2%, and ecological landscape by more than 201.5%, meaning the significant increase of region's "ecological content".(2) The significant changes occurred in the ecological service value in farmland, vegetated land and wet land, and nearly 65% of farmland ecosystem services value were lost. In 2014, more than 85% of the region's ecological functions and services were from the vegetated land and water.Conclusion] The changes of ecological land was dynamic in past decade in CBE, and the value of ecological service in urban area increased significantly, showing a great improvement of the environment during the urbanization. This means that the policy of ecological construction is good for the construction and development of regional ecosystems.