建筑小区海绵城市建设中雨水系统设计方案的优化研究

目的] 研究建筑小区海绵城市优化设计模型，为建筑小区海绵城市设计与建设提供有益支撑。方法] 在探讨外排径流系数、径流污染与海绵设施基础上，以年费用最小和径流污染削减率最大为目标函数，应用非线性规划建立建筑小区海绵城市双层耦合优化模型，并以合肥市某区域海绵城市建设为例，分析验证该模型有效性。结果] 优化后，A小区、B小区与C小区的外排径流分别为0.257，0.268，0.303；总成本为1.11×10⁷元，年费用为9.87×10⁵元；径流污染削减率为70.06%，与原设计方案相比，其经济效益和环境效益均有明显提高。结论] 双层耦合优化模型应用于建筑小区海绵城市设计，能有效降低年费用，提高径流污染削减率，使海绵城市设计与建设更加合理。

Optimization of Stromwater System Design Scheme in Sponge City Construction of Residential Areas

Objective] The model to optimize design of sponge city residential areas was established in order to provide beneficial support for the stormwater system design and construction such sponge city residential areas. Methods] Based on discussions of outflow runoff coefficient, runoff pollution, and sponge facilities, and taking the minimum annual cost and maximum runoff pollution reduction rate as objective functions, a bilevel coupling optimization model of sponge city residential areas was established by nonlinear programming. Model validity was analyzed and verified by taking sponge city construction areas in a region of Hefei City as a case study. Results] After optimization, the outflow runoff coefficients in communities A, B, and C were 0.257, 0.268, and 0.303, respectively. The total cost was 1.11×10⁷ yuan, and the annual cost was 9.87×10⁵ yuan. The runoff pollution removal rate was 70.06%, which significantly improved the economic and environmental benefits compared with the original design scheme. Conclusion] The application of the bilevel coupling optimization model in the design of sponge city residential areas can effectively reduce the annual cost, increase the reduction rate of runoff pollution, and make sponge city design and construction more reasonable.