生物基复合改良剂对滨海盐渍土综合地力的提升作用

目的] 研究生物基复合改良剂对黄河三角洲和苏北滩涂盐渍土壤理化性质及微生物区系的影响，为该区域盐碱地的改良利用和实现生态农牧建设提供科学参考。方法] 采用由蚯蚓粪、活性酶调理剂和内生菌根菌剂组成的生物基复合改良剂为试验材料，研究其在种植耐盐苜蓿条件下对黄河三角洲盐渍土、苏北滩涂盐渍土土壤理化性质和微生物区系的影响。共设置了4个处理：黄河三角洲盐渍土不添加改良剂和添加改良剂，苏北滩涂盐渍土不添加改良剂和添加改良剂。结果] 在紫花苜蓿分枝期，与不添加改良剂相比，黄河三角洲和苏北滩涂两种盐渍土壤添加改良剂处理的土壤有机质含量分别增加了45.30%，32.45%；速效钾含量分别增加了41.00%，39.92%。在紫花苜蓿现蕾期，与不添加改良剂处理相比，黄河三角洲和苏北滩涂两种盐渍土壤添加改良剂处理的土壤全盐量分别降低了14.10%和27.85%；土壤有机质含量分别提高了51.99%，73.59%。此外，现蕾期的土壤微生物群落多样性指数明显增加，优势菌门主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。土壤全盐量和速效钾含量是驱动细菌群落结构变化的主要环境因子。结论] 生物基复合改良剂可以有效降低土壤全盐量，增加土壤速效养分含量，并改善土壤微生物区系，从而显著提升土壤综合地力，是改良滨海盐渍土的有效措施。

Effects of Bio-based Compound Amendments on Overall Soil Fertility of Coastal Saline Soils

Objective] The effects of bio-based composite amendments on the physicochemical properties and microbiota of saline soils in the Yellow River delta and the Northern Jiangsu mudflats were determined in order to provide a scientific reference for the improvement and utilization of saline soils in the region and for the ecological agro-pastoralism.Methods] A pot experiment with alfalfa was conducted to study the influence of the application of compound biomaterials on the physico-chemical properties and microbial flora of coastal saline soils from the Yellow River delta (S) and the northern Jiangsu mudflats(J). The compound biomaterials consisted of vermicompost, active enzyme conditioners, and endophytic mycorrhizal inoculants. The experiment consisted of four treatments:the Yellow River delta soil with (SE) and without (SC) compound amendments, and the Northern Jiangsu tidal flat soil with (JE) and without (JC) compound amendments.Results] Soil organic matter during the alfalfa branching stage increased by 45.30% and 32.45% in the SE and JE treatments, respectively, compared with the control treatment, and available potassium increased by 41.00% and 39.92%, respectively. Total dissolved salt in the soil during the alfalfa budding stage decreased by 14.10% and 27.85% in the SE and JE treatments, respectively, compared with the control treatment, and soil organic matter increased by 51.99% and 73.59%, respectively. Additionally, the diversity index of the soil microbial community during the budding stage was significantly increased compared with the control treatment, The dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Actinobacteria. The total dissolved salt and available potassium in the soil were the main driving factors changing soil microbial community structure.Conclusion] The bio-based compound amendments could effectively reduce the total dissolved salt in soil, increase soil available nutrients, and increase soil microbial flora, and thereby significantly improve overall soil fertility.