| 天然灌草植被防治土壤风蚀机理 |
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| 引用本文： | 王翔宇,赵名彦,丁国栋,尚润阳,孙保平,张宇清,吴斌.天然灌草植被防治土壤风蚀机理[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(5):55-59. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王翔宇 赵名彦 丁国栋 尚润阳 孙保平 张宇清 吴斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京林业大学,水土保持学院,教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京,100083
2. 海河水利委员会,天津,300170 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑课题(2006BAD26B03;2006B0702) |
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| 摘 要： | 通过对毛乌素沙地不同下垫面上风速、地表粗糙度、临界起沙风速、风沙流结构的观测，发现植被覆盖可以有效防止地表风蚀。植被盖度为40％的固定沙地近地表0．2m高度平均风速比流动沙地降低43％，侵蚀风的持续时数降低85％，临界起沙风速提高70％，地表粗糙度提高180倍；当风沙流速度相同时，20％覆盖度的半同定沙地较流动沙地可平均降低输沙62．33％；而植被盖度为40％的同定沙地较流动沙地可平均降低输沙93．07％。实验证明，单株植物同样可以降低风速。疏透结构和透风结构的单株沙蒿分别可以使植株后0．5m高度的风速较植株前方平沙地同高度的风速下降59．4％和19．8％。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤风蚀 植被盖度 地表粗糙度 输沙率 风沙流结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007/9/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007/11/29 0:00:00 |
Mechanism of Natural Shrub-Grass in Controlling Soil Erosion by Wind |
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| WANG Xiang-yu,ZHAO Ming-yan,DING Guo-dong,SHANG Run-yang,SUN Bao-ping,ZHANG Yu-qing and WU Bin.Mechanism of Natural Shrub-Grass in Controlling Soil Erosion by Wind[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,28(5):55-59. |
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| Authors: | WANG Xiang-yu ZHAO Ming-yan DING Guo-dong SHANG Run-yang SUN Bao-ping ZHANG Yu-qing and WU Bin |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification of the Ministry of Education, and College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification of the Ministry of Education, and College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification of the Ministry of Education, and College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Haihe River Water Conservancy Committee, Tianjin 300170, China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification of the Ministry of Education, and College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification of the Ministry of Education, and College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Combating Desertification of the Ministry of Education, and College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Through field investigation on wind speed,aerodynamic roughness,rate of sand transportation,and structure of wind-sand flow on different underlying surfaces,we found that vegetation cover can effectively prevent soil erosion by wind.In comparison of the fixed sandy land of 40% vegetation coverage with the drifting sand dune without coverage,the average wind speed at the height of 0.2 m was reduced by 43%,the successive time of threshold wind velocity for soil erosion was reduced by 85%,the threshold wind ve... |
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| Keywords: | soil erosion by wind vegetation coverage aerodynamic roughness rate of sand transportation structure of wind-sand flow |
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