贵州省喀斯特石漠化历史演变过程研究及其意义

针对贵州省喀斯特石漠化历史演变过程研究不足的现状,从人口数量、粮食需求、坡耕地开垦、石漠化发生发展的角度,并结合石漠化发生的地质背景等因素,对其历史时期人地关系、人地矛盾和喀斯特石漠化历史演变过程进行了研究.结果表明,贵州省石漠化发生发展经历了一个长期的、渐进、从量变到质变的过程,人口数量增长是这一过程的关键控制因素;其实质是人口与土地资源之间承载能力的不协调.同时,其演变同生产方式的转变和生产关系的变化是密切联系的;而国家对该区的宏观战略定位也间接影响了贵州省的生态环境质量.严控人口数量和提高人口素质、提高农业生产力、调整产业布局和政策是解决石漠化问题的基本途径,而建立和实行区域间的生态补偿制度对该问题的解决大有裨益.

Evolution History of Karst Rocky Desertification and Its Significance in Guizhou Province

The evolution history of karst rocky desertification (KRD) in Guizhou Province is analyzed from the perspectives of man-land relationship and its contradiction,geological backgrounds,etc. It is concluded that the evolution of the KRD undergoes the long process from quantitative to qualitative changes. The KRD is caused by the increase of population which exceeds the carrying capacity of land resources at a specific period and leads to the imbalance and aggravation of man-land relationship. It is also closely related with the historical changes of production mode and productivity. Meanwhile,those central administrations' strategic orientation for the province also has some impacts on its eco-environment. Therefore,the fundamental ways for rehabilitation of the KRD are to control population size and raise their quality,improve agricultural productivity,and adjust industrial layouts and policies. Moreover,an ecological compensation system may benefit the province greatly.