基于最小累计阻力模型的南京市生态安全格局构建

目的]构建科学合理的生态安全格局,为生态文明建设背景下统筹推进市域国土空间可持续发展提供参考。方法]基于生物多样性、水资源安全、地质灾害规避对江苏省南京市生态用地重要性进行定量评价,进而识别生态源地;参考PM_(2.5)浓度、夜间灯光数据对物种迁徙的影响构建修正后的生态阻力面;通过最小累计阻力模型(MCR)构建区域生态安全格局。结果]南京市生态源地面积490.3 km~2,基本涵盖国家级和省级自然保护地,识别结果较为合理。修正后生态阻力面的阻力值范围在0～43 854.6之间,阻力值较大的区域位于鼓楼区、秦淮区、建邺区东部等长江南岸,浦口区中部、玄武区中部、江宁区东北部等区域阻力较小,能够较好地表征区域生态过程差异。依托生态源地、缓冲区、生态廊道等核心组分,形成了"一带三区多轴"的南京市生态安全格局框架。结论]改进后的生态安全格局构建方法行之有效,以此构建的生态安全格局框架与现有《南京市主体功能区实施规划》更加契合。

Construction of Ecological Security Patterns Based on Minimum Cumulative Resistance Model in Nanjing City

Objective] A scientific and reasonable ecological security pattern was constructed in order to provide a reference for the coordinated promotion of sustainable development of regional land and space through ecological civilization construction.Methods] Based on biodiversity, water resource security, and geological hazard avoidance, the importance of ecological land in Nanjing City of Jiangsu Province was quantitatively evaluated to identify ecological resources. A modified ecological resistance surface was constructed by considering the influence of PM_2.5 and nighttime light on species migration. A regional ecological security pattern was built by the minimum cumulative resistance model.Results] The ecological resources of the 490.3 km² ecological land were identified, and the national and provincial nature reserves of Nanjing City were located within the ecological area. The identification results were reasonable. The revised resistance range of the ecological resistance surface was 0-43 854.6. The high-resistance area was located on the south bank of the Yangtze River, such as the Gulou, Qinhuai, and Eastern Jianye Districts. The low-resistance area was located in the center of Pukou, Xuanwu, and the northeast of Jiangning District. The revised resistance could characterize the differences of the regional ecological processes accurately. Relying on the core components of the ecological resource areas, buffer zones, and ecological corridors, the ecological security pattern framework ("one belt, three zones, and multiple axes") of Nanjing was established.Conclusion] The improved method of constructing an ecological security pattern was effective, and the established ecological security pattern framework is consistent with the existing main function zone implementation plan of Nanjing City.