高寒草原轮叶马先蒿群落沿水分梯度特征研究

采用样带法和样方法对巴音布鲁克高寒草原不同土壤水分条件下轮叶马先蒿（Pedicularis verti-cillata）群落特征进行了研究。结果表明,（1）植物群落组成随土壤含水量的变化而变化,在距离水源1 m处植物物种丰富度最高,轮叶马先蒿在群落中占绝对优势（重要值为42.5%）。随着与水源距离的增大土壤含水量降低,轮叶马先蒿的优势地位逐渐减小。（2）不同水分条件下轮叶马先蒿群落的物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度指数变化有明显的差异。（3）在距离水源最近处轮叶马先蒿密度和地上生物量达到最高,但在土壤含水量为25.5%时,轮叶马先蒿产生的种子数量达到最大值,且地上生物量达到第二峰值,说明轮叶马先蒿并不是喜湿植物。禾本科和杂类草的优势地位则随土壤含水量的减少而增加。（4）土壤含水量是限制轮叶马先蒿群落结构变化的主要生境因子,应通过控制水源处的种子传播来遏制轮叶马先蒿的大面积发生和蔓延。

Pedicularis Verticillata Community's Characteristics Along Water Gradient on Alpine Grassland

The characteristics of Pedicularis verticillata communities under different soil water conditions in Bayanbulak alpine grassland were studied using transect and point sampling methods.The results indicated that the composition of the community structure changed with soil water contents.The richness of plant species was the greatest at 1 meter away from the water source,where P.verticilata was predominant absolutely with a dominance value of 42.50%;away from the water source,its dominance values and above-gr...