保水剂构件的保水保肥效果研究

目的]针对水土流失造成的肥料养分流失及部分地区干旱缺水的问题,进行节水保肥的系列研究,阐明保水构件的保水保肥效果及其应用前景。方法]利用保水剂加工成各种形状的保水构件,并使其获得的保水保肥效果优于把保水剂和土混匀的常规方法。结果]在同等淋水量的情况下使用保水构件可减少65%的水分流失,N,P,K养分流失可减少89%以上;盆栽试验中,在干旱胁迫情况下,保水构件可使玉米增产155%;大田试验显示,自然降雨条件下,保水构件可使玉米增产26%,甘蔗增产10.5%且糖度增加。同时N,P,K养分下渗流失减少而对养分的吸收增加。结论]系列试验说明保水构件可提高作物产量、质量和对养分的吸收。

Effects of Water Pad on Fertilizer and Water Saving

Objective] For solving the problems of drought and nutrients loss caused by soil erosion, a series of studies on water and fertilizer saving were conducted in order to expound the effects of water pad on fertilizer and water saving and its application prospect.Methods] Compared to the conventional method of mixing water absorbing polymer (WAP) with soils, WAP was used to make water pad to obtain a better water and fertilizer saving effect.Results] Under the same watering condition, the application of water pad could reduce water loss by 65%, and reduce nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients loss by more than 89%. Pot experiment showed that under drought stress condition, the application of water pad could increase corn yield by 155%. Field experiment showed that under natural rainfall condition, the application of water pad could increase corn yield by 26%, and increase sugarcane yield by 10.5%, and the sugar degree increaed. In addition, with the application of water pad, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients loss decreased, while nutrients absorption increased.Conclusion] A serial of experiments indicate that water pad can increase crop yields, quality and nutrient uptake.