基于遥感生态指数模型的杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区生态环境评价

目的]定量揭示杨凌农业高新技术产业示范区(简称"杨凌区")生态环境质量的空间分布与变化特征,为该区及类似地区生态环境建设的规划和管理提供科学依据。方法]本文基于Landsat8卫星影像,利用主成分分析的遥感生态模型进行分析。结果]2013—2018年,杨凌区生态环境质量总体呈上升趋势,遥感生态指数均值由0.45升至0.50,呈上升趋势的面积为50.77km~2,占全区总面积的38%;杨凌区生态环境状况的空间分布具有向西北优而东南城区差两极扩散的趋势;干度分量对生态指数模型整体影响最大。结论]杨凌区生态环境质量较差的区域主要集中在城区人为活动密集区和大型工业园区,体现出高度聚集的特点。在杨凌区未来规划和发展中,应控制并有效减小裸地和建设用地面积,重视生态景观和城区绿化。

Evaluation on Ecological Environment of Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index Model

Objective] To quantitatively reveal the spatial distribution and change characteristics of ecological environment quality in Yangling Agricultura Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone, in order to provide scientific basis for the planning and management of ecological environment construction. Methods] Landsat 8 satellite images were collected, the remote sensing ecological model and principal component analysis was employed. Results] From 2013 to 2018, the ecological environment quality of the district showed an overall upward trend, the average value of remote sensing ecological index increased from 0.45 to 0.50, and the area with an upward trend was 50.77 km², accounted for 38 % of the total area of the region. The ecological environment in the district was better in the northwest than in southeast. The dryness component had the greatest effect on the ecological index model. Conclusion] The areas with poor ecological environment quality in the district are mainly concentrated in the urban areas with intensive human activities and large industrial parks. In the future planning and development of the district, the area of bare land and construction land should be controlled and reduced, and more attentions need to be paid to ecological landscape and urban greening.