环保酵素对盐碱土关键化学性质的影响

目的]探讨利用果蔬垃圾制备的环保酵素不同施加比例对改良盐碱土的可行性影响,为内蒙古地区农业可持续发展研究提供理论和实践依据。方法]环保酵素和水按体积比1∶200(GE_1),1∶500(GE_2)和1∶800(GE_3)进行稀释处理,通过室内土培试验研究其对土壤关键化学性质(pH值、电导率EC和碱化度ESP)以及土壤养分状况(有机质、水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾和DOC)的影响。结果]施加合适环保酵素比例可以降低土壤盐碱性,提高土壤部分养分含量。环保酵素施用为GE_3时,土壤pH值和碱化度(ESP)分别降低17.51%和38.42%;EC值显著降低42.50%;土壤有机质、速效钾含量分别显著提高56.54%,79.76%,而土壤水解性氮和有效磷含量分别降低6.52%,8.48%;土壤DOC增加达34.28%。结论]在试验条件下采用1∶800为改良盐碱土的环保酵素施用比例,同时对环保酵素的改良进行主成分分析发现pH值、EC和速效钾是环保酵素对盐碱土改良的特征指标。

Effects of Garbage Enzymes on Key Chemical Properties of Saline-alkali Soil

Objective] The feasibility of improving saline-alkali soil with different additive proportion of garbage enzymes fermentation product of fruit and vegetable waste was explored in order to provide theoretical and practical basis for the sustainable development of agriculture in Inner Mongolia.Methods] The garbage enzymes and water were diluted by volume ratios of 1:200 (GE₁), 1:500 (GE₂) and 1:800 (GE₃). The effects on key soil chemical properties (pH value, EC and ESP) and soil nutrient status (organic matter, hydrolytic nitrogen, available P, available K and DOC) were studied by soil culture experiments.Results] The application of appropriate garbage enzymes dilution ratio could reduce soil salinity and increase soil nutrient content. When the garbage enzymes dilution ratio was GE₃, the soil pH and alkalinity (ESP) were reduced by 17.51% and 38.42%, respectively; the electric conductivity(EC) value was significantly reduced by 42.50%, the soil organic matter and available K content increased significantly by 56.54% and 79.76%, respectively, and the soil available N and available P content decreased by 6.52% and 8.48%, soil DOC increased by 34.28%.Conclusion] In this experiment, with the GE₃ ratio of garbage enzymes for improving saline-alkali soil, and according PCA analysis, we found that pH value, EC and available K were the characteristic indicators of garbage enzymes for the improvement of saline-alkaline soil.