秦淮河流域1980-2010年土地利用变化及驱动机制

目的]研究近30a来秦淮河流域不同时期土地利用/覆被变化特征及驱动力,为秦淮河流域的生态经济系统可持续发展和流域管理提供科学依据。方法]利用GIS功能对秦淮河地区1980,1995,2000,2005,2008,2010年土地利用现状图进行叠加转换,建立土地利用变化转移矩阵,在此基础上分析秦淮河地区近30a来的土地利用变化特征,并结合相应的社会统计资料分析土地利用变化的驱动力。结果]流域内耕地面积逐年减少,建设用地面积逐年增加,林草覆盖面积略有减少;土地利用程度变化存在明显的时间差异性,2005—2008期间变化最大;建设用地的增加主要源于耕地的转入,其次是林地、水域;经济发展、人口增长和人民生活水平的提高是该区土地利用/覆被变化的主要驱动力。结论]城市化发展要素是推动该区建设用地增加、耕地面积减少这一现象的主要驱动力。

Land Use Change and Its Driving Mechanism in Qinhuai River Watershed During 1980-2010

Objective] Land use change and its driving mechanism in Qinhuai River watershed during 1980-2010 were illustrated to provide a scientific basis for ecological economic sustainable development and watershed management.Methods] Land use conditions of Qinhuai River watershed in 1980, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2008, 2010 were investigated by GIS thematic map and overlaying analysis. The characteristics of land use/cover change were acquired based on the conversion matrix of land-use change from 1980 to 2010. By social statistic data analysis, driving forces of land use change were further discussed in Qinhuai River watershed.Results] Compared with the rapidly increasing of building area, the gross area of cropland, grasslands and forest lands were decreasing. There is an obvious temporal difference for land use change, and the greatest changes took place from 2005 to 2008. The increased area of building were conversed from croplands, forest lands and water bodies. The main driving forces of land use change in the study area were economic development, population growth and elevation of living standard.Conclusion] Urbanization is the main driving force that result to the increasing of construction land and decreasing of arable land.