基于遥感数据的陕西省荒漠化土地动态变化研究

采用1975年MSS数据,2000年TM数据,2007年TM数据为遥感信息源,通过建立科学的荒漠化分类体系与遥感解译标志,并结合地理信息系统方法,对陕西省荒漠化现状与1975—2007年近32a来的动态变化特征进行了研究。结果表明,截止2007年,陕西省荒漠化土地面积8.23×104 km2,占全省面积的40.15%。荒漠化类型多,包括沙质荒漠化、水蚀荒漠化与盐碱质荒漠化3类,以水蚀荒漠化为主,3种荒漠化类型分别占陕西省面积的7.48%,32.37%和0.3%;近32a来,荒漠化土地面积持续逆转,2000—2007年的逆转幅度大于1975—2000年。陕北长城沿线的沙质荒漠化与黄土高原的水蚀荒漠化出现明显逆转,陕南秦巴山地的水蚀荒漠化在总体逆转的同时,部分地区出现发展的态势。

Analysis on Desertification Change in Shannxi Province Based on Remote Sensing Data

Using MSS data in 1975, TM data in 2000 and 2007 as the source of information, the current situation and change of desertification of Shaanxi Province were studied from 1975 to 2007 through a scientific desertification classification system and interpretion symbol, and suppotted with the geographic information system. The results showed that the total area of desertification was 82300 km², accounted for 40.15% of Shaanxi Province by the end of 2007. The desertification types include sandy desertification, water erosion desertification and salinization desertification. The main type was the water erosion desertification. The three types of desertification accounted for 7.48%, 32.37%, 0.3% of Shaanxi Province area, respectively. The desertification area keept reversing during the past 32 years, and the reversed amplitude of 2000-2007 was more than that of 1975-2000 years. The sandy desertification land along the Great Wall in Northern Shaanxi Province and the water erosion desertification land in Loess Plateau reversed obviously, the water erosion desertification land in Qinba Mountains of Southern Shaanxi Province reversed on the whole, at the same time, some areas was developed.