不同改良剂对融雪剂盐害土壤的修复效果

目的]探究不同改良剂对融雪剂盐害土壤的修复效果及其对矮牵牛生长的影响,为改良剂的大田推广提供理论依据。方法]采用香菇菌糠、平菇菌糠和脱硫石膏3种改良剂,通过土柱室内模拟试验,对改良后土壤的pH值,土壤电导率(EC),K+,Na+,Cl-、容重和孔隙度进行测定。结果]改良处理后,pH值均有不同程度的降低;香菇菌糠施用量为24g/kg时,降低土壤EC值效果最显著;平菇菌糠改良可以有效提高土壤中K+离子含量;对于降低土壤中Na+离子含量而言,表现为:平菇菌糠香菇菌糠脱硫石膏;香菇菌糠处理(24g/kg)对于降低土壤中Cl-离子含量、土壤容重和提高孔隙度等方面效果最显著,土壤容重比CK减少了57.3%,孔隙度增加了24.6%,使矮牵牛单株鲜重较CK增加了244.64%。结论]当香菇菌糠施用量达到24g/kg时,改良融雪剂盐害土壤的效果最显著。

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Soil Improvement of Deicing Salt Damaged Soil

Objective] Effects of soil amendments with different addition amount on the amelioration of deicing salt damaged soil and its inflences on growth of petunia were observed to guide practical filed employment.Methods] Three amendments, including spent Lentinula edodes substrate, Pleurotus ostreatus and gypsum were used in a soil column laboratory experiment. Soil pH value, EC, K⁺, Na⁺, Cl^-, bulk density and porosity were measured after the amendments were applied.Results] pH values were observed significantly decreased in all amendment treatments. Shiitake mushroom(24 g/kg) had the best effect on decreasing soil EC. Pleurotus ostreatus effectively improved soil K⁺ concentration. Regarding the reducing of soil Na⁺, the amendments had a rank of Pleurotus ostreatus >Shiitake mushroom >Gypsum. Spent Lentinula edodes substrate(24 g/kg) had the best effects on decrease of soil Cl^- content, density and improvement of soil porosity. As compared with CK, the spent Lentinula edodes treatment decreased soil bulk density 57.3%, increased soil porosity by 24.6%, and the fresh weight of petunia in the treated soil increased by 244.64%.Conclusion] Spent Lentinula edodes substrate(24 g/kg) was observed having the best effects on ameliorating of deicing salt damaged soil.