太行山石灰岩山地水土保持型生态农业试验研究

通过对地面数字高程模型的分析,基于3维地学模型的理论进行水源涵养林耗水量化分析和可视化模拟。根据不同时相的地面林斑、光照、温度、坡向、林分类型变化进行的水源涵养林耗水量的计算。小流域水源涵养林耗水量化分析对于水源涵养林的建设、保护水源、生态环境保护利用具有十分重要的意义。立足于3S技术应用的研究,通过GPS,RS获取空间数据,以GIS为分析平台,建立数字高程模型(DEM),土地利用类型、水源涵养林分类型、土壤类型等矢量图层,进行空间数据与属性数据连接、矢量数据运算等操作,采用综合彭曼公式分析了研究区域的水源涵养林单木耗水量。

Ecological Agriculture Based on Soil and Water Conservation in Limestone Region of Taihang Mountain

A decision-making support system for integrated watershed management was developed using Visual Basic 6.0 language. The support system was developed on the basis of an investigation of current physical and socio-economic conditions in Baizhuang watershed. A treatment and development plan was developed as well. According to the treatment development plan, which were developed for the Taihang limestone mountain area, a engineering shield system was built, which comprises measures to capture hilltop runoff, prevent slope runoff, store runoff on the footslope and drain runoff when field capacity is exceeded. The goal was to establish optimal ecological agriculture for soil and water conservation conditions. Tests and research were carried out to determine optimal planting structures and to determine possible improvements in local ecology using fruit trees and grafting of new varieties. After analysis and evaluation of the current state of animal husbandry and feedback relationships with the local ecological system of Baizhuang Village in Taihang Mountain, the key problem for animal husbandry was identified- degradation and damage of pasture due to lack of overall planning, effective monitoring, as well as effective management. Two main factors determining the numbers of animals in the watershed were identified. These were the market demand for animal products within and outside the watershed and the primary productivity of fodder plants in the catchment. Based on the current state of ecological agriculture, a development model is proposed incorporating the various stages of animal husbandry development in the small watershed. The model is based on the principles that the intensity of animal husbandry should reflect fodder productivity and development should be market driven.