三维激光扫描技术在淤地坝安全监测中的应用

目的]监测黄土高原丘陵地区淤地坝在运行中的缓慢和微小变化,及时发现淤地坝的病险隐患,为科学监测、评价陇中黄土丘陵沟壑区乃至西北黄土高原地区淤地坝安全运行提供依据。方法]通过Nove MS 50全站扫描仪对南湾骨干坝和别杜川骨干坝坝体沉降、水平移位及坝体表面侵蚀进行定期激光扫描,利用等间隔的点云记录坝体和库岸不规则形态。结果]两期监测对比可以看出,南湾骨干坝接近路面的部分有约1cm的变化,左侧库岸有明显的变化,变化量约为0.8cm,日后极有可能会发生小规模坍塌。别杜川骨干坝整个堤坝在半年的时间内右侧部分约有1~2cm的下降变化,监测结果和管理部门常规监测变形结果一致。结论]将三维激光扫描技术应用于淤地坝变形监测,可以及时、准确、全面、直观获取淤地坝坝体和库岸表面数据,使得变形监测工作更加全面、便捷、可信。

Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technology in Safety Monitoring of Silt Dams

Objective] To monitor the slow/slight change in the loess plateau hilly region in the operation of silt dam and to detect the risk of dam breach in time by 3D laser scanning technology, to provide the bases for scientific monitoring of the silt dam engineering and for safety evaluation in the Middle Gansu loess hilly and gully area, and for silt dams safety in Northwest Loess Plateau as well.Methods] The settlement, horizontal displacement and surface erosion of Nanwan and Bieduchuan backbone dam were termly scanned by Nove MS 50. The dam and river irregular shape were recorded by equally spaced point cloud and the deformation of silt dam body was analyzed accordingly.Results] The comparison of two-stage monitoring results showed that there were 1 cm around changes near the road surface in Nanwan backbone dam map, and an obvious change also was found on the left reservoir bank. The change was about 0.8 cm, which might potentially resulted to small-scale collapses. In half year duration, Bieduchuan backbone dam had an about 1~2 cm decline in the right part. Our monitoring results were consistent with the routine monitoring results from the management department.Conclusion] The accurate, comprehensive, intuitive monitoring data of dam and bank surface obtained timely from 3D laser scanning technology can make the deformation monitoring work more comprehensive, convenient and credible.