滨海围垦平原区土壤质量时空演变及其影响因素分析——以浙江省慈溪市为例

以慈溪市为研究区，通过定点配对采样和典型区采样，选取有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、电导率、pH值6个土壤理化特性指标，在广泛收集资料的基础上，分析了慈溪市1982-2012年30a间土壤质量时空演变特征，并探讨了影响土壤特性时空演变的主要因素。结果表明，慈溪市近30a来土壤质量呈逐渐下降的趋势，其中全氮、速效钾、pH值、有机质的单质量指数分别下降了1.03，0.46，0.33，0.18；速效磷和电导率的单质量指数分别上升0.50和0.42，土壤综合质量指数下降0.28，土壤全氮损失较为严重。空间上，从南到北土壤质量基本呈阶梯状依次下降，从南到北土壤综合质量指数分别为1.36，1.35，1.43，1.18。研究表明，种植模式、围垦时间和土壤管理是影响土壤特性变化的主要因素。

Temporal and Spatial Variation and Its Impact Factors of Soil Quality in Coastal Reclamation Plains District

By taking Cixi City as the research area and making location fixed sampling and typical area sampling,the six soil physicochemical properties of organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,availab1e potassium,conductivity and pH value were selected to analyze characteristics of the temporal and spatial variability of soil quality and discuss the main influence factors on the abundant materials.Results show that soil quality in Cixi City was declining over the past three decades.The single indictors of total nitrogen,available potassium,pH value and organic matter decreased by 1.03,0.46,0.33 and 0.18 and the single indictors of available phosphorus and conductivity increased by 0.5 and 0.42,respectively.The comprehensive indicator of soil quality was reduced by 0.28.The loss of total nitrogen was severe.Spatially,soil quality decreased gradually from north to south and the comprehensive indicator of soil quality was 1.36,1.35,1.43 and 1.18,respectively.The cropping patterns,time length of land reclamation and soil management were the three main factors that influence soil quality.