土地利用变化对盘古河流域径流的影响

目的]分析大兴安岭地区盘古河流域土地利用变化情况,研究流域径流对不同土地利用情景的响应,为合理规划土地利用提供依据。方法]利用盘古河流域1987,2000和2011年3期土地利用数据和1988—2012年的水文气象资料,结合SWAT(soil and water assessment tool)模型,分析盘古河流域土地利用变化的径流响应。结果]1987—2011年盘古河流域主要土地利用变化为裸地向林地、草地转化,林地面积增加,裸地面积减少;汛期径流量占年总径流量的比例随着林地的增加而减少;林地的增加使得多年平均年径流量、汛期径流量和最大月经流量均呈减少趋势。结论]SWAT模型能够较好地模拟盘古河流域的月流量过程;流域径流随着林地面积的增加而减少。

Land Use Change Effects on Runoff in Pangu River Basin

Objective] The objective of the study is to analyze the land use change in Pangu River basin in Daxinganling region and explore the responses of runoff to different land use scenarios and provide the basis for the rational land use planning. Methods] Using the land use data of 1987, 2000, 2011 and the hydro meteorology data from 1988 to 2012, combining the soil and water assessment tool model, we analyzed response of runoff to land use changes. Results] The land use changes during period from 1987 to 2011 included a transformation from barren land to forest and grassland, an increase in forest land and a decrease in barren land. The percentage of runoff in flooding season decreases with increasing forest area. The increase in forest area reduced the long-time average annual runoff, the runoff in flooding season and the maximum monthly peak discharge. Conclusion] The SWAT model could well simulate monthly flow process of the Pangu River basin and the runoff decreased with increasing forest area.