老挝沙湾水经济区生态用地利用评价

目的]探索老挝沙湾水经济区的生态用地特征,为土地利用规划提供依据,并保证在土地合理利用的同时,保障生态环境的健康发展。方法]从景观格局和生态敏感性2个方面选取适宜的指标,并采用变异系数法,客观确定评价因子权重,综合评价研究区内生态用地的敏感程度和空间分布。结果]极敏感区、高敏感区、中敏感区、低敏感区、不敏感区分别占研究区总面积的1.42%,19.36%,32.85%,46.01%,0.36%;林地景观类型破碎度相对其他景观类型最低,受人类活动干扰最小;水域和农用地景观类型破碎度最高,形状复杂,受人类活动影响严重;建设用地景观类型由于研究区自身发展条件的制约,面积较小,破碎度相对其他景观类型而言位处于中等水平。结论]研究区生态用地可划分为生态用地优先建设区、生态用地次优先建设区、生态用地过渡区和生态用地保育区4种生态用地类型。

Evaluation on Ecological Land Use in Savan Water Economic Zones of Laos

Objective] On the basis of the survey on ecological land use status in Savan water economic zone of Laos, the characteristics of ecological land in this research area is explored through the landscape index analysis and ecological sensitivity evaluation to provide the basis for land use planning, to ensure the rational land use and guarantee the healthy development of the ecological environment. Methods] Appropriate indicators were selected in terms of landscape pattern and ecological sensitivity. Variation coefficient method was used to determine weights of evaluation indices, so as to analyze comprehensively the sensitivity and spatial distribution of ecological land in Savan water economic zone. Results] The extremely sensitive area, highly sensitive area, medium sensitive area, low sensitive area and not sensitive area accounted for 1.42%, 19.36%, 32.85%, 46.01% and 32.85% respectively. Forest landscape fragmentation was the lowest, with minimal disturbance by human activities. Water and farmland landscape fragmentation were highest and have complex shapes. In addition, the two landscape types were significantly affected by human activities. Construction land area was small and its landscape fragmentation was in medium level due to the restriction of its development condition in the study area. Conclusion] According to this research, the study area is divided into priority construction zones, secondary construction zones, transition zones, and conservation zones.