台湾省植被NDVI随海拔高度的变化及其气候响应

目的]揭示台湾省陆地植被生态系统随海拔高度的变化趋势及其响应程度,为区域可持续发展、生态环境保护提供理论依据。方法]基于台湾省1998—2018年SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI卫星遥感数据、气象及DEM数据,结合相关分析法、回归分析法等数理统计方法,对气候变化下的台湾省植被归一化植被指数(NDVI)变化趋势及区域响应进行了分析。结果] 1998—2018年台湾省植被NDVI均值增长率为5.09%;台湾省不同高程范围所占的面积比例差异较大,500 m区域的面积比例高达52.49%,3 600 m区域的面积比例仅为0.01%,且NDVI均呈现较低值,分别为0.72和0.73;1998—2018年台湾省海拔除3 600 m外,其他海拔高程范围NDVI均值增长明显(p0.001);在500～3 600 m高程范围内,NDVI年均值与气温、降雨相关关系显著(p0.05)。结论]海拔越高,植被生长状况对降雨的变化较气温更为敏感。

Change of Vegetation NDVI with Altitude and Its Climatic Response in Taiwan Province

Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for regional sustainable development and ecological environmental protection, the changing trend with altitude of Taiwan''s terrestrial vegetation ecosystem and its response to climatic were investigated.Methods] Based on SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI satellite remote sensing data, meteorological, and digital elevation model (DEM) data from 1998-2018, we combined a regression analysis and correlation analysis to assess the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) trend and regional response of vegetation in Taiwan Province under climate change.Results] The average growth rate of NDVI of vegetation in Taiwan Province from 1998 to 2018 was 5.09%; The proportion of area occupied by different elevation ranges in Taiwan Province was quite different, the area proportion <500 m area was as high as 52.49%, the area proportion >3 600 m area was only 0.01%, and NDVI in the two altitude ranges showed lower values, 0.72 and 0.73; From 1998 to 2018, except for the altitude of >3 600 m, the mean value of NDVI in other altitude ranges increased significantly (p<0.001). In the elevation range of 500-3 600 m, the annual mean of NDVI was significantly correlated with temperature and rainfall (p<0.05).Conclusion] The higher the altitude, the more sensitive is the growth of vegetation to the change of rainfall as compared to the change of temperature.