不同铺装材料地面停车场的热效应

地面停车场作为城市重要的下垫面,其铺装选材影响着城市生态环境。通过对沥青、水泥、混凝土地砖、植草格4种地面停车场常用铺装材料的地表温度、气温、太阳直接辐射进行了连续12个月的观测,系统研究了4种铺装材料地表温度和气温的变化特征及影响因素,并进行了4种铺装材料地表温度与气象因子的相关性分析,旨在为地面停车场铺装选材提供热效应方面的参考依据。结果表明:(1) 4种铺装材料对地面停车场地表温度的影响由大到小的次序为:沥青> 混凝土地砖> 水泥> 植草格; (2)气温和太阳直接辐射与地面停车场地表温度呈显著正相关,其中气温起主导作用; (3)建立了各因子线性回归模型,可利用该模型计算地表实时温度,为气象服务提供更好的数据理论支持。

Thermal Effects of Ground Parking Lot Covered with Different Surface Materials

Selection of covering materials on ground parking lot, as an important urban underlying surface, affects urban ecological environment. The study aimed at providing reference on the heat respect for the selection of ground parking lot's surface material. Based on the observed 12-month data of surface temperature, air temperature and direct solar radiation for four frequently-used surface materials, i.e., asphalt, cement, concrete ground brick and grass brick, the variation characteristics of surface and air temperature and their influencing factors were analyzed, and the analysis of the correlation between surface temperature and meteorological factors was made. Results show that:(1) The covering materials, in order of decreasing temperature, were asphalt, concrete ground brick, cement and grass brick. (2) The surface temperature had positive correlations with air temperature and direct solar radiation, of which air temperature makes more contribution. (3) Linear regression model about meteorological factors was established to provide a better theoretical support for the service of meteorology. The model can be used to calculate real time surface temperature.