高速公路项目水土流失影响指数的应用研究

运用水土流失影响指数(SWII)对106个高速公路水土保持方案进行了定量计算和评价,通过专家咨询法对9个指标的权重进行专家意见调查。运用层次分析法,计算得出每个水土流失影响指标的权重。然后采用SPSS主成分分析法,分析不同侵蚀类型区水土流失的主要影响因子。参照水土流失影响指数计算结果,将高速公路类项目按照影响等级分为三类,即水土流失影响指数大于0.387的属于重度影响类;水土流失影响指数在0.258~0.387之间属于中度影响类;水土流失影响指数小于0.258为轻度影响类。针对高速公路项目水土流失影响程度,主要从水土流失防治标准,水土保持工程等级,水土保持措施配置要求和施工工艺要求等方面提出了相应的技术要求。

Application of Soil and Water Loss Impact Index for Expressway Projects

The quantitative calculation and evaluation for soil and water conservation schemes of 106 expressways are made using soil and water loss impact index(SWII). The weight of each indicator is calculated by consulting experts about the weights of 9 indicators and applying analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The key factors for soil and water loss in different eroded areas are then analyzed by applying principal components analysis(PCA). According to the calculated SWII, the expressway projects can be divided into three types: high-influencing project with a value of SWII higher than 0.387, medium-influencing project with a value of SWII between 0.258 and 0.387, and low-influencing project with a value of SWII lower than 0.258. Based on the influencing degree of soil and water loss on expressway projects, some technical requirements are presented from the aspects of prevention criteria, engineering grades, allocating requirements of soil and water conservation measures and construction techniques.