基于格网GIS的喀斯特山区草地生态脆弱性评价

以贵州省长顺县为研究区,以多元空间信息为基础,采用层次分析法(AHP)和主成分分析法并结合格网GIS技术,对评价体系中的各指标进行10m×10m尺度下的格网化,运用栅格数据的空间叠加方法及生态脆弱性的评价模型,分析获得了长顺县草地生态脆弱性的空间数据。根据生态脆弱性指数(EVI)将喀斯特山区的草地资源生态脆弱程度分为5个等级。分析结果显示,严重脆弱区的面积为36.32km2,所占比重最大;其次是中度脆弱区和极端脆弱区面积分别为28.09和24.99km2,最后,轻度脆弱区和潜在脆弱区面积分别为16.54和8.60km2,所占比重较小。从总体上看,长顺县草地生态脆弱性等级较高,喀斯特山区草地的生态脆弱性主要是由于特殊的地质背景和人类频繁活动干扰的结果。

Evaluation of Ecological Vulnerability of Karst Grassland Based on Grid GIS

Based on multi-spatial information, analytic hierarchy process(AHP), principal component analysis and grid GIS technology are applied in gridding the indicators of ecological vulnerability evaluation system at 10 m×10 m scale and achieving the spatial data about the ecological vulnerability of grassland in Changshun County, Guizhou Province. The ecological vulnerability of karst grassland is divided into 5 levels according to ecological vulnerability index(EVI). The analysis shows that the area of heavy vulnerability region is 36.32 km², taking the largest proportion; the areas of moderate and extreme vulnerability regions are 28.09 km² and 24.99 km², respectively; and the areas of slight and potential vulnerability regions are 16.54 and 8.60 km², respectively, taking smaller proportions. Overall, the ecological vulnerability of grassland in Changshun County is at a higher level and the ecological vulnerability of karst grassland is resulted from the special geological background and frequent human activity interference.