基于改进生态足迹因子的区域可持续性动态评估——以陕西省为例

生态足迹是评估区域可持续性的重要方法之一,已有研究多采用全国统一的均衡因子和产量因子进行测算。以陕西省为研究区,通过独立测算研究区各年份均衡因子和产量因子,对传统评估方法进行了改进。研究结果表明,陕西省均衡因子、产量因子与全国统一因子存在较大差异。尽管评价结果显示1995—2011年陕西省总体处于不可持续性状态,但所反映的生态赤字和生态压力指数均比较稳定,分别在0.138 9~0.497 8hm2/人和1.170 3~2.613 7之间,该结果较传统研究结果数值偏小,但更贴近区域现实。从全球生态问题谈判的有利角度出发,我国有必要建立一套符合国情和区域特色的生态足迹测算因子和方法。

Dynamic Evaluation of Regional Sustainability Based on Improved Ecological Footprint Factors-A Case Study in Shaanxi Province

Ecological footprint is one of the important methods to assess regional sustainability, and current researches usually adopt nationwide equivalence factor and yield factor. This paper, taking Shaanxi Province as a case study, estimated independently the equilibrium factor and yield factor for each year, and improved the traditional evaluation methods. The results indicated that there were big difference between factors of Shaanxi Province and nationwide unified factor. From 1995 to 2011, Shaanxi Province was general unsustainable, and the ecological deficit and ecological pressure index changed between 0.1389~0.4978 hm²/cap and 1.1703~2.6137 respectively, and kept relatively stable. compared to the result calculated by the global unity factor, the data form the present study were smaller than normal study and more closely to regional reality. Being good for the negotiations on global ecological problems, it is necessary to establish a set of ecological footprint calculation factor and method conform to national condition and regional characteristics.