小浪底库区坡地不同利用方式下土壤养分的流失特征研究

通过野外模拟降雨试验,分析了撂荒荒坡、林草间作、农林间作、造林林地和坡耕地翻耕种植玉米、坡耕地翻耕休闲6种利用方式下的土壤流失特征。研究结果表明:(1)坡耕地及农林间作下地表径流中的有效钾和硝态氮含量高于撂荒荒坡、林草间作和造林林地。(2)撂荒荒坡、林草间作和造林林地沉淀泥沙中的全氮、全磷、全钾和有机质含量高于其它3种利用方式。(3)径流液养分和沉淀泥沙养分含量产流初期达到高值,之后趋于稳定。(4)不同形态的养分在泥沙中有富集现象;富集比在1.01~1.43之间,不同利用方式下富集比差异不大。

Nutrient Loss of Different Slopeland-use Types in Xiaolangdi Gorges Reservoir Area

A filed study on soil nutrient loss of different slope landuse types in the Xiaolangdi Gorges Reservoir area was conducted under simulated rainfall.Results showed that available K and NO3-1 content were higher in surface runoff in slope cropland and intercrop land between crop and forestry than those in fallow land,intercrop land between forest and grass and afforestation land.Nutrient content in surface runoff and sediment was highest in the beginning of surface runoff,and then became stable.There was an enrichment of different forms of nutrients in sediment.The value of enrichment ratio was between 1.01 and 1.43,and there was no significant difference in the value of the six landuse types.