| 槽式摆喷头下喷式人工模拟降雨机的雨强及其空间分布率定 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢云,林小鹃,刘英娜,郑袁志,刘宝元,张光辉.槽式摆喷头下喷式人工模拟降雨机的雨强及其空间分布率定[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(4):1-6. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢云 林小鹃 刘英娜 郑袁志 刘宝元 张光辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,地理学与遥感科学学院,地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京,100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目“区域水土流失过程与趋势分析”(2007CB407203); 国家自然科学基金资助项目“维持可持续土地生产力的定量标准:容许土壤流失量”(40671111) |
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| 摘 要： | 人工模拟降雨机由于不受时间和空间的限制而成为研究降雨影响入渗、产流、冲刷、侵蚀产沙等动力学机理的重要试验手段。为解决我国目前降雨机模拟降雨特性与天然降雨特性相差较大的问题，设计了槽式摆喷头下喷式人工模拟降雨机。通过试验分别率定了该降雨机单喷头降雨雨强和多喷头组合降雨雨强的相关参数．以便为用户应用提供技术指标。该降雨装置在2．5m的高度下模拟的雨强范围为11．3～132．5mm／h。单喷头受雨面呈矩形，沿喷头摆动方向2．0m宽，垂直摆动方向2.7m长，受雨面积为5．4m^2。为形成均匀的雨强空间分布，需进行多喷头组合。组合实验表明，沿摆动方向的相邻喷头最佳距离为1．1m，沿垂直摆动方向的相邻喷头最佳距离为1.5～1．6m，组合后的雨强空间均匀性系数达到0．89以上。目前测试雨机的单机由5个喷头组成，相邻喷头为摆动方向，距离1.1m。用户可根据实验面积自行选择争机喷头数量和雨机数量．相邻雨机喷头间的水平距离建议为1．5～1．6m。
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| 关 键 词： | 槽式人工模拟降雨机 模拟雨强 单喷头 多喷头组合 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007/4/16 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008/3/14 0:00:00 |
Calibration of Simulated Rainfall Intensity and Its Spatial Distribution for Trough Rainfall Simulator |
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| XIE YUN,LIN Xiao-juan,LIU Ying-n,ZHENG Yuan-zhi,LIU Bao-yuan and ZHANG Guang-hui.Calibration of Simulated Rainfall Intensity and Its Spatial Distribution for Trough Rainfall Simulator[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,28(4):1-6. |
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| Authors: | XIE YUN LIN Xiao-juan LIU Ying-n ZHENG Yuan-zhi LIU Bao-yuan and ZHANG Guang-hui |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologySchool of GeographyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologySchool of GeographyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologySchool of GeographyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologySchool of GeographyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologySchool of GeographyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource EcologySchool of GeographyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China |
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| Abstract: | Artificial rainfall simulator is a very effective experimental device for studying the impacts of rainfall on infiltration,runoff,soil erosion,and sediment transport,because it can simulate natural rainfall without temporal and spatial limitations.A trough rainfall simulator was designed,which could simulate similar rainfall characteristics to those of natural rainfall.To provide a guide for users to make and use the apparatus,an experiment for calibrating simulator's rainfall intensity was conducted with s... |
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| Keywords: | trough rainfall simulator simulated rainfall intensity single nozzle combined multiple nozzle |
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