基于生态水文学的新疆绿洲生态用水若干问题

新疆是中国西部干旱区的典型地区,基于水资源可持续发展战略,生态用水的理论与方法亟需解决。以新疆为代表的干旱区生态用水具有一系列规律与特征。生态用水的水质与水量具有较大的变幅范围,用水的方式比较灵活,水分的供给状况影响生物的生产力。生态用水受制于GSPAC中水分循环与转化的效率,并与植被特征、土壤理化性状、地形特点、水资源利用水平具有密切的相关性。生态用水量的估算有许多参数与模型需要率定;干旱区生态用水观念的确立,对于完善生态水文学的学科体系,指导水资源的科学管理和生态实践,促进生态产业可持续发展具有理论价值和现实意义。

Several Problems of Water for Ecological Use in Xinjiang Oasis Based on Eco-hydrology

Xinjiang is a typical area in western arid zone in China.Based on strategy of water resource sustainable development,the principle and methodology of water for ecological use are urgently in needed of being resolved.Water for ecological use has several characteristics in arid Xinjiang region.The quality and quantity of water for ecological use have a larger variable range in arid zone.Meanwhile,water use style is flexible and has diversified forms.Water supply has influence on organism productivity.Water for ecological use is under the control of water circulation and transfer efficiency of GSPAC,which has close relation with vegetation characteristics,soil physical and chemical features,and terrain condition as well as water use level.Estimation of water quality for ecological use is based on some parameters and modeling.The ideas of water for ecological use have significances for improving eco-hydrology and water resource management and ecological practice as well as sustainable development of ecological industry in arid zone.